Boundary Conditions for Fermi Gas

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plxmny
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Hi

I am new to solid state. I just read about fermi gas in a cube. For some reason the author used periodic boundary conditions? Why didn't they choose finite well potential where the height of the well is related to the work function?
 

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Periodic boundary conditions allow you to calculate properties for infinite systems which is more appropriate than just making a large box. This is the basis for the band theory of solids.
 

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