Calculating Current in a Kirchhoff Loop Circuit

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the current in a Kirchhoff loop circuit involving resistors and voltage sources. The original poster presents a circuit with specific resistor values and voltages, seeking to find the current I2 while noting the importance of sign conventions.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Assumption checking, Problem interpretation

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the formulation of loop equations and the correct application of Kirchhoff's laws. There are attempts to express relationships between the currents and potential drops across resistors. Questions arise regarding the correctness of the loop equations and the direction of current flow.

Discussion Status

Some participants have provided guidance on the formulation of the loop equations and the importance of current direction. There is an acknowledgment of errors in the original equations, with corrections being discussed. The conversation reflects a collaborative effort to clarify the setup and ensure the equations align with the physical circuit behavior.

Contextual Notes

Participants are working under the constraints of homework rules, which may limit the depth of solutions provided. There is a focus on ensuring the correct interpretation of potential differences across components in the circuit.

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Homework Statement



In the circuit below find the current I2 (in A) when R1 = 64 , R2 = 32 , R3 = 243 ; V1 = 86 V, and V2 = 200 V.
Be careful about the sign!
W5Nid.gif


Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution


I1 = I2 + I3

V1 - I1*R1 - I3*R3 + V2 = 0
V1 - I1*R1 - I2*R2 = 0
V2 - I2*R2 - I3*R3 = 0

I1*R1 + I3*R3 = V1 + V2
I1*R1 + I2*R2 = V1
-I2*R2 + I3*R3 = V2

PHP:
| R1  0    R3 | | I1 |     | V1+ V2 |
| R1  R2   0  | | I2 |  =  | V1     |
| 0   -R2  R3 | | I3 |     | V2     |

Solving these using R-1*V gives me values for I1,I2,I3 that don't follow I1 = I2 + I3, so I am doing something wrong.

Help?
 
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This circuit consists of two independent loops. You need only two loop equations. But be careful with the directions of the currents. Show them in the picture. Writing the loop equation, the potential drops across a resistor in the direction of the current and raises in the opposite direction.ehild
 
ehild said:
this circuit consists of two independent loops. You need only two loop equations. But be careful with the directions of the currents. Show them in the picture. Writing the loop equation, the potential drops across a resistor in the direction of the current and raises in the opposite direction.


Ehild

Showing the currents (in hopefully the right way):
cDvNP.gif


i1 = i2 + i3

v1 - i1*r1 - i2*r2 = 0
v2 - i2*r2 - i3*r3 = 0

-i1 + i2 + i3 = 0
i1*r1 + i2*r2 = v1
-i2*r2 + i3*r3 = v2

PHP:
| -1  1     1  | | i1 |     | 0   |
| r1  r2   0  | | i2 |  =  | v1 |
| 0   -r2  r3 | | i3 |     | v2 |

I get i1 = 1.1535 A, i2 = 0.3805 A, i3 = 0.7729 A which is wrong. What am I still missing?
 
The second loop equation is wrong. According to the current I2, which end of R2 is at more positive potential?

ehild
 
ehild said:
The second loop equation is wrong. According to the current I2, which end of R2 is at more positive potential?

ehild

Wouldn't the right end be at a more positive potential?
 
It is. Starting at the positive terminal of the battery, and going clockwise, the potential increases across R2 and then decreases across R3.
 
So v2 - i2*r2 - i3*r3 = 0 should be:
v2 + i2*r2 - i3*r3 = 0
correct? I had this written correctly in my notes, but copied it wrong.

-i2*r2 + i3*r3 = v2 should stay the same then correct?
 
Yes, it is correct now. So you have three equations:

I1=I2+I3

I1R1+I2R2=V1

-I2R2+I3R3=V2

Solve.

ehild
 
Got it. Thank you for your help!
 

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