Calculating Longitudinal Elongation of a Steel Bar | Helpful Tips and Formulas

Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around calculating the longitudinal elongation of a steel bar under axial tension. Participants explore relevant formulas and concepts, including stress, strain, and the modulus of elasticity, while addressing a specific problem related to elongation calculations.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Technical explanation
  • Exploratory

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks assistance in calculating the longitudinal elongation of a steel bar and requests guidance on which formula to use.
  • Another participant reminds the original poster to follow forum guidelines for homework questions and suggests defining stress and strain.
  • A participant references Hooke's Law as a potential resource for understanding elongation.
  • One participant proposes that the formula for axial tension strain is the change in length divided by the original length and mentions the modulus of elasticity of steel.
  • Another participant emphasizes the importance of focusing on the physical problem rather than just formulas and reiterates the calculation of stress as force divided by area.
  • A participant calculates stress as 200,000 psi and derives strain from the modulus of elasticity, ultimately finding the elongation to be 8 inches.
  • Another participant suggests calculating deflection directly using a different formula, \(\delta = \frac{PL}{AE}\), as an alternative approach.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying levels of understanding and approaches to the problem, with no clear consensus on the best method to calculate elongation. Some participants focus on specific formulas, while others suggest alternative methods, indicating multiple competing views.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved aspects regarding the calculations and assumptions made, particularly concerning the area used for stress calculations and the interpretation of the modulus of elasticity in the context of the problem.

misty777
Messages
9
Reaction score
0
Hi. I am hoping someone can be of assistance in helping me solve a problem.

I am trying to calculate the longitudinal elongation of the steel bar shown in the attachment. I don't know where to start, so if anyone could point me in the right direction such as which formula I should use I would really appreciate it.
 

Attachments

  • problem6.jpg
    problem6.jpg
    6 KB · Views: 774
Physics news on Phys.org
Welcome to the PF, misty777. Keep in mind that homework and coursework problems are to be posted in the Homework Help forums area, and not here in the general forums. And when you post homework problems, you should use the Homework Help Template that is provided when you start a thread in those forums.

I'll leave this question here for now, but it may get moved to one of the Homework Help forums at some point (and your other thread here with a similar question may be moved as well).

With homework and coursework questions, you are required to show us your work and the relevant equations, in order for us to help you better. So, please define stress and strain for us. What modulus relates stress and strain? How can you use those concepts to solve this problem?
 
Thank you for the warm welcome.

I think the fomula needed to find elongation is:

Axial tension strain equals change in length divided by original length

I know that the original length is 100 ft, but I still need to find the stain in order to complete the problem.

I think this requires using the modules of elasticity formula to find the stain

Modulus of elasticity equals stress divided by stain

I know the modulus of elasticity of steel is 30,000,000 psi, but I do not know the stress.

I think stress can be found by dividing the load (50,000 lb) by the area (2400 sq in).

When I work this out it doesn't come out right. I know the answer to this problem is 8in. I've even tried working it backwards, but I am either missing a step or calculating something wrong. I would really like to understand the steps to work this problem.

Thank you.
 
Well I don't know how to guide you more here, so I'll just say it, but really try to think more of the physical problem rather than formulas next time. You force is acting on the cross-section of the beam, ONLY that area is needed to calculate the stress by: stress=force/area, then you use Hooke's law for elongation as you described and mind the units.
 
Thank you for your help. I think I am understanding now.

Stress=force/area
therefore stress = 50,000/.25
so the stress is 200,000 psi

then using Hooke's law..
strain equals stress divided by modulus of elasticity
therefore strain equals 200,000/30,000,000
so strain is .0066667

then to find the amount of elongation..
Axial tension strain equals change in length divided by original length
therefore .0066667 = x/1200in
x=8
so the change in length is 8 in

I know the answer is supposed to be 8 in, have I done the process correctly this time?
 
Holy mackerel. 50 kips on a .5 in square piece of steel? Nice to see they're keeping the problems in the realm of reality.

How about just calculating the deflection directly?

Does

\delta = \frac{PL}{AE}

look familiar?
 
Last edited:
Thank you for the tip FredGarvin. I wasn't aware I could do it that way.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
1K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
4K
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
2K