Calculating the boil-off rate of liquid helium

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the boil-off rate of liquid helium when an aluminum rod is inserted into a thermally insulated vessel. The rod, measuring 0.500 m in length with a cross-sectional area of 2.60 cm², is initially at 340 K while the liquid helium is at 4.20 K. The thermal conductivity of aluminum at this temperature is 3,100 W/m·K. The boil-off rate can be determined by analyzing the heat conduction through the rod and applying relevant equations, specifically considering the temperature gradient and the properties of aluminum and liquid helium.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of heat conduction principles
  • Familiarity with thermal conductivity and specific heat concepts
  • Knowledge of the properties of aluminum and liquid helium
  • Ability to apply the equation ΔL/L0 = αΔT
NEXT STEPS
  • Research heat conduction in solids, focusing on Fourier's law
  • Study the properties of aluminum, including thermal conductivity and specific heat
  • Explore the thermodynamic properties of liquid helium at low temperatures
  • Learn about calculating phase change rates in cryogenic fluids
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, engineers working with cryogenic systems, and anyone interested in thermal dynamics and heat transfer calculations.

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Homework Statement


An aluminum rod 0.500 m in length and with a cross-sectional area of 2.60 cm2 is inserted into a thermally insulated vessel containing liquid helium at 4.20 K. The rod is initially at340 K. (Aluminum has thermal conductivity of 3,100 W/m · K at 4.20 K; ignore its temperature variation. Aluminum has a specific heat of 0.215 cal/g · °C and density of 2.70 g/cm3.The density of liquid helium is 0.125 g/cm3.)

(a) If the circular surface of the upper end of the rod is maintained at 340 K, what is the approximate boil-off rate of liquid helium in litres per second after the lower half has reached 4.20 K?
___________ litres/s

Homework Equations


ΔL/L0 = αΔT, I'm not really sure what else would be applicable.

The Attempt at a Solution


I honestly have no idea where to start with this question so any help would be really appreciated.

Thanks
 
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Unless you are expected to solve the diffusion equation using Fourier series, I would assume that only the lower tip of the rod is in the helium. So it becomes a question about rate of conduction of heat along a rod with the ends at fixed temperatures.
You must have been taught something about conduction and temperature gradients.
 

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