Calculus of variations applied to geodesics

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the application of the calculus of variations to geodesics, specifically analyzing the equation \(\frac{D}{Ds} T^\mu = 0\) where \(T^\mu\) represents the tangent vector to a geodesic. The user seeks to identify the noncovariant term after varying this equation with respect to the parameter \(a\). The user initially attempted to derive the variation but found all resulting terms to be covariant, leading to confusion about the correctness of their approach. Ultimately, the user reported that a fellow student provided clarity, resolving their query.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of differential geometry concepts, particularly geodesics.
  • Familiarity with the calculus of variations and its application in physics.
  • Knowledge of covariant derivatives and their properties.
  • Basic grasp of tensor notation and manipulation.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of covariant derivatives in the context of geodesics.
  • Explore the calculus of variations in greater depth, focusing on applications in general relativity.
  • Learn about the significance of noncovariant terms in variational calculus.
  • Review examples of variations in physical systems to solidify understanding.
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in theoretical physics, particularly those studying general relativity and differential geometry, will benefit from this discussion.

JakobM
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Homework Statement



I'm working on a problem from my gravitation book. The question is the following:

Given \begin{equation} \frac{D}{Ds} T^\mu = 0 \end{equation}, where \begin{equation} T^\mu \left(s,a\right) = \frac{\partial z^\mu}{\partial s} \end{equation} is the tangent vector to a certain geodesic from a family of geodesics, indicated by parameter "a", at a distance s (coordinates are $$z^\mu$$ ). I now have to vary this equation with respect to a and point out the term in the resulting equation that is not covariant. I worked out a solution, but cannot find this noncovariant term.

Homework Equations



\begin{equation} \delta \left( \left( \frac{D}{Ds} T^\mu \right) \right)= 0 \end{equation}

The Attempt at a Solution



Variation:
\begin{equation} \delta \left( \frac{D}{Ds} T^\mu = 0 \right) \end{equation}
I tried the following:
\begin{equation} \frac{D}{Ds} T^\mu = T^\nu \nabla_\nu T^\mu =0 \end{equation}
and
\begin{equation} \delta \rightarrow \delta a \frac{\partial z^\lambda}{\partial a} \nabla_\lambda \end{equation}
I then get
\begin{equation} \delta a \frac{\partial z^\lambda}{\partial a} \left( \left( \nabla_\lambda T^\nu \right) \nabla_\nu T^\mu + T^\nu \nabla_\lambda \nabla_\nu T^\mu \right) =0 \end{equation}
All the terms between brackets seem however covariant. What is wrong in the derivation above? Should there be a partial derivative instead of a covariant derivative in the chain rule I used for the variation?
 
Last edited:
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Thanks for the post! Sorry you aren't generating responses at the moment. Do you have any further information, come to any new conclusions or is it possible to reword the post?
 
I asked a fellow student yesteray and he was able to shed some light on the matter. So my question is pretty much answered :)
 

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