Can Countable Axioms Limit The Number of Theorems About Real Numbers?

  • Context: Graduate 
  • Thread starter Thread starter cragar
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Axioms
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the implications of having a countably infinite number of axioms on the number of theorems that can be derived about real numbers. Participants explore the relationship between axioms and theorems, particularly focusing on whether a countable set of axioms can lead to an uncountable number of theorems.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that having an \aleph_0 number of axioms does not increase the number of theorems beyond countability, as the proofs derived from these axioms are also countable.
  • Others argue that starting with a finite number of axioms allows for the derivation of a countably infinite number of statements, which then become new axioms, but still do not lead to an uncountable number of statements from a countable set.
  • A participant questions whether the axioms are explicitly defined, suggesting that the nature of the definitions could affect the outcome of the discussion.
  • There is a suggestion about the potential for a different approach to proofs involving concepts like Dedekind cuts, which introduces the idea of an order relation on proofs and the limits of sequences of finite proofs.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that a countably infinite number of axioms does not lead to an uncountable number of theorems, but there are differing views on the implications of explicit versus implicit definitions of axioms and the nature of proofs.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the definitions of axioms and proofs, and the implications of these definitions remain unresolved. The relationship between finite and infinite proofs is also a point of contention.

cragar
Messages
2,546
Reaction score
3
If I have an [itex]\aleph_0[/itex] number of axioms, does that put a limit on the number of theorems I can have about the real numbers.
The number of theorems that we could have is countable. I was just wondering what we might be able to say about how much we could know about math.
 
Physics news on Phys.org
cragar said:
If I have an [itex]\aleph_0[/itex] number of axioms, does that put a limit on the number of theorems I can have about the real numbers.
The number of theorems that we could have is countable. I was just wondering what we might be able to say about how much we could know about math.

A proof of a theorem is a finite sequence of statements, each one of which is either an axiom or is derived from previous lines of the proof. There are countably many proofs of length 1; countably many proofs of length 2, dot dot dot.

The union of the proofs of length n as n ranges over 1, 2, ... is a countable union of countable sets, so it's countable.

In other words, a countably infinite number of axioms doesn't buy you any more math than a finite set of axioms.
 
ok. So if I start with a finite number of axioms I could derive a countably infinite number of statements from that. And after I did that those statements are basically my axioms.
Ok I see what you are saying. So there is no way to derive an uncountable number of statements from a countable set.
 
This is a very interesting question.

One thing I have to ask is whether the axioms are explicitly defined or not.

It may sound like a stupid question, but if you can define an axiom non-explicitly then you might have a different kind of case to work with as opposed to defining them all explicitly.

So what I mean is that by explicit you have an explicit definition for the axioms and then as SteveL27 said, you generate all possible statements as derived from those axioms (i.e. the rest of the axioms are 'unpacked' from the definition of the minimal set).

In this context the language used to define the axioms are explicit since the axiomatic definitions can not change. In an implicit context, this doesn't hold.
 
cragar said:
ok. So if I start with a finite number of axioms I could derive a countably infinite number of statements from that. And after I did that those statements are basically my axioms.
Ok I see what you are saying. So there is no way to derive an uncountable number of statements from a countable set.

An uncountable number of statements, yes, but not an infinite number of proofs, if

you consider a proof to be a finite collection of statements, as SteveL pointed out. Sorry if this is what you

meant--good question, BTW.
 
Bacle2 said:
good question, BTW.

Yes!

If we let our minds race we can daydream about Dedekind cuts for proofs. We'd need to define an order relation on proofs and have an axiom that says "The limit of any bounded monotonic sequence of finite proofs is a proof".
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 73 ·
3
Replies
73
Views
9K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 11 ·
Replies
11
Views
3K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 10 ·
Replies
10
Views
3K
  • · Replies 16 ·
Replies
16
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
3K
Replies
1
Views
2K