Can POVM measurements be explained by projective measurements?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between Positive Operator-Valued Measures (POVMs) and projective measurements in quantum mechanics. Participants explore whether POVM measurements can be explained through projective measurements, considering theoretical implications, mathematical formulations, and the nature of measurement in quantum systems.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that a pointer used in measurement must be describable within quantum mechanics, leading to the need for an associated measure for pointer positions when considering POVMs.
  • Others argue that the probabilities derived from POVMs and projective measurements must align, suggesting a potential equivalence in their descriptions.
  • A participant mentions that the assumption of discrete eigenvalues simplifies the discussion, while acknowledging that continuous measurements complicate the orthogonality of outcomes.
  • Some participants express skepticism about the ability to relate POVMs to projective measurements without losing the advantages of the POVM approach, particularly in the context of consistent histories.
  • There is a discussion about whether all probabilities of measurement outcomes can be expressed in terms of projectors, as suggested by the consistent histories framework.
  • A later reply questions the fundamental nature of probabilities derived from projectors, suggesting that the measurement character may be lost when analyzing POVMs through consistent histories.
  • Some participants highlight that interpreting measurements as determinations of the state of a detector leads to the conclusion that all measurements could be seen as projective, which raises further questions about the nature of POVMs.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on whether POVM measurements can be fully explained by projective measurements. Multiple competing views remain regarding the implications and interpretations of both measurement types.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the discussion is limited by assumptions about the nature of measurements and the mathematical frameworks employed, particularly regarding the implications of discrete versus continuous eigenvalues and the role of consistent histories.

  • #31
A. Neumaier said:
where?
Eq. (18) and the text before it. More details in the link in post #24.
 
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  • #32
Demystifier said:
Eq. (18) and the text before it. More details in the link in post #24.
This is not a construction but a sketchy outline of a program that to make it work one would have to justify by a serious derivation.

Instead you make strong assumptions about arbitrary measurements that go far beyond what has been demonstrated in the literature (where always a nondemolition assumption was involved to get decoherence). I had criticised your approach in detail in that thread. I reread the whole thread and still think my criticism is fully valid and that you give nothing but empty phrases and expressions of hope asserted as truth.

Moreover, POVMs appear nowhere - your argument does not depend in any way on the properties of POVMs, which should you make deeply suspicious of your arguments having anything to do with them.
 
  • #33
A. Neumaier said:
Instead you make strong assumptions about arbitrary measurements that go far beyond what has been demonstrated in the literature (where always a nondemolition assumption was involved to get decoherence).
I'm not sure I understand your point. Are you saying that in the literature only the non-demolition is assumed, while I assume something additional? What is this additional assumption that I make?
 
  • #34
Demystifier said:
I'm not sure I understand your point. Are you saying that in the literature only the non-demolition is assumed, while I assume something additional? What is this additional assumption that I make?
No. You make fewer assumptions but pretend that essentially the same results follow, without telling why this should be so.
 
  • #35
A. Neumaier said:
No. You make fewer assumptions but pretend that essentially the same results follow, without telling why this should be so.
I make fewer explicit assumptions, but the assumptions are implicitly there. That's because I think like physicist, not mathematician, so I try to explain how nature works, not to present a mathematical proof. I don't make explicit assumptions which seem obvious to me from a physical point of view, because I see such details as distraction from really important ideas. But I perfectly understand that you, as a mathematician, don't like this type of reasoning.
 
  • #36
Demystifier said:
I make fewer explicit assumptions, but the assumptions are implicitly there. That's because I think like physicist, not mathematician, so I try to explain how nature works, not to present a mathematical proof. I don't make explicit assumptions which seem obvious to me from a physical point of view, because I see such details as distraction from really important ideas. But I perfectly understand that you, as a mathematician, don't like this type of reasoning.
I am not requiring mathematical rigor. But physics has a long and successful tradition in giving proofs at a high level, a level missing in your paper. You make suggestions, which might motivate why the results could possibly be true, but fail to give arguments that would satisfy anyone who really wants to understand what is behind. Your references to the literature only cover conditions where much stronger assumptions are needed to actually make a convincing justification.

In any case, nothing in your paper except for a few passing words relate to POVMs, thus making a further discussion of it off-topic in this thread.
 

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