Can three particles be entangled?

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Three particles can indeed be entangled, and there is no limit to the number of particles that can be entangled together. The confusion may arise from the concept of the monogamy of entanglement, which states that if one particle is maximally entangled with another, it cannot be maximally entangled with a third. Examples of entangled states involving multiple particles include the GHZ state and the W state, which illustrate that entanglement can exist among many particles. However, these states do not imply that all particles are maximally entangled with each other. Understanding these nuances is crucial for grasping the implications of entanglement in quantum mechanics.
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Homework Statement


I'm trying to understand the information paradox at a black hole. Can three particles be entangled? I read on a site that it's impossible to entangle multiple particles. When searching on google I found out that it is possible for multiple particles to entangle. So what

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The Attempt at a Solution


I read on a site that it's impossible to entangle multiple particles. When searching on google I found out that it is possible for multiple particles to entangle. So is it or is it not possible for multiple particles to entangle and what are the concequences?
Thanks!
 
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It is possible to entangle multiple particles, without limitation on their number. I don't know what you read where, it could have been related to the no-cloning theorem.
 
caspeerrr said:
I read on a site that it's impossible to entangle multiple particles.

You probably just misunderstood someone talking about monogamy of entanglement. If A is maximally entangled with B (i.e. they form an EPR pair) then neither can also be maximally entangled with C.

There are of course entangled states involving arbitrarily many particles, such as the GHZ state ##\frac{1}{\sqrt 2}|000...0\rangle + \frac{1}{\sqrt 2}|111...1\rangle## or the W state ##\frac{1}{\sqrt n}|100..0\rangle+ \frac{1}{\sqrt n}|010..0\rangle + \frac{1}{\sqrt n}|001..0\rangle + ... + \frac{1}{\sqrt n}|000..1\rangle##, it's just that such states don't contain particles that are maximally entangled with each other.
 
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Insights auto threads is broken atm, so I'm manually creating these for new Insight articles. Towards the end of the first lecture for the Qiskit Global Summer School 2025, Foundations of Quantum Mechanics, Olivia Lanes (Global Lead, Content and Education IBM) stated... Source: https://www.physicsforums.com/insights/quantum-entanglement-is-a-kinematic-fact-not-a-dynamical-effect/ by @RUTA

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