Can we accurately determine the trajectory of an electron using a SG detector?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the ability to determine the trajectory of an electron using a Stern-Gerlach (SG) detector, focusing on the implications of quantum mechanics regarding measurement, superposition, and the nature of electron trajectories.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant describes a scenario where an electron in superposition enters the SG detector, suggesting that upon measurement, the electron's trajectory becomes defined retroactively based on the outcome of the measurement.
  • Another participant argues that it is not meaningful to discuss the electron's behavior between observations, asserting that the measurement creates a definite state (spin-up or spin-down) without implying a prior existence of those states.
  • A participant questions whether the lack of information about the trajectory after detection is the reason why one cannot speak of the specific trajectory of the electron.
  • It is noted that, according to quantum mechanics, the electron does not follow a well-defined trajectory, and its position is described by a wave-function until measurement occurs, which only provides probabilistic information about its location.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the nature of electron trajectories and the implications of measurement in quantum mechanics. There is no consensus on whether the trajectory can be defined or discussed meaningfully.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights limitations in understanding the trajectory of an electron, particularly regarding the dependence on measurement and the interpretation of quantum states. The assumptions about the nature of reality in quantum mechanics and the role of the observer are also relevant but remain unresolved.

entropy1
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Would this be an accurate portrayal of measuring the spin of an electron with a SG detector?:
  • The electron is in a superposition of spin-up and spin-down;
  • Upon entering the magnetic field of the SG detector, the electron enters a superposition of an upward trajectory and a downward trajectory;
  • When detected, the electron gets entangled with the detector, yielding a branch in which the detector detected the electron on the upward side, and another branch in which the detector detected the electron on the downward side;
  • In case of detecting the electron on the upward side, it retroactively took the upward trajectory, and in case of detecting the electron on the downward side, it retroactively took the downward trajectory.
 
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One cannot meaningfully talk about what an electron is doing between observations, even not retroactively. The measurement of an electron's spin “creates” an electron-with-spin-up or an electron-with-spin-down; but neither entity can be considered already to be in existence prior to the measurement being made.
 
If the electron gets detected somewhere, it doesn't carry the information of the trajectory it followed. Is that the cause that we can't speak of the trajectory of that specific electron?
 
entropy1 said:
If the electron gets detected somewhere, it doesn't carry the information of the trajectory it followed. Is that the cause that we can't speak of the trajectory of that specific electron?

It's fundamental to QM that the electron simply did not follow a well-defined trajectory. Until measurement, its position was described by a wave-function. You know the probability with which you would have detected the electron somewhere, if you have looked for it, but no more.
 

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