Can You Prove the Limit of Integrals Over Vanishing Measure Sets Is Zero?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on proving that for a positive measure space $(X,\mathcal{M}, \mu)$ and a sequence of sets $\{E_n\}$ where $\lim_n \mu(E_n) = 0$, the integral of any function $f \in \mathscr{L}^p(X,\mathcal{M},\mu)$ over these sets converges to zero. Specifically, it establishes that for all $1 \le p \le \infty$, the limit $\lim_n \int_{E_n} f\, d\mu = 0$ holds true. This conclusion is critical for understanding the behavior of integrals over vanishing measure sets.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of measure theory concepts, particularly positive measure spaces.
  • Familiarity with Lebesgue spaces, specifically $\mathscr{L}^p$ spaces.
  • Knowledge of integration techniques in the context of measure theory.
  • Basic principles of limits and convergence in mathematical analysis.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of positive measure spaces in detail.
  • Explore the implications of the Dominated Convergence Theorem in measure theory.
  • Learn about the relationship between measure and integration in Lebesgue theory.
  • Investigate examples of functions in $\mathscr{L}^p(X,\mathcal{M},\mu)$ and their integrals over vanishing measure sets.
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students of analysis, and anyone interested in advanced topics in measure theory and integration techniques.

Euge
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Here is this week's POTW:

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Let $(X,\mathcal{M}, \mu)$ be a positive measure space, and let $\{E_n\}$ be a sequence of sets in $\mathcal{M}$ such that $\displaystyle\lim_n \mu(E_n) = 0$. Prove that if $1 \le p \le \infty$, then for all $f\in \mathscr{L}^p(X,\mathcal{M},\mu)$, $\displaystyle\lim_n \int_{E_n} f\, d\mu = 0$.-----

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No one answered this week's problem. You can read my solution below.

If $q$ is the exponent conjugate to $p$, Hölder's inequality gives $\left\lvert\int_{E_n} f\, d\mu\right\rvert \le \|1_{E_n}\|_{\mathscr{L^q}} \|f\|_{\mathscr{L^p}} = \mu(E_n)^q\, \|f\|_{\mathscr{L^q}} \to 0$ as $n \to \infty$.
 

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