Concervation of Momentum: Bullet and Block of Mass

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on a conservation of momentum problem involving a bullet and a block. A bullet with a mass of 19.7 g traveling at 445 m/s strikes a block of mass 854 g on a frictionless table and exits at 415 m/s. The conservation of momentum equation is established as m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v'1 + m2v'2, leading to the equation 8.7665 = 0.0197v'1 + 0.854v'2. The key insight is that the velocity of the bullet after exiting (v'1 = 415 m/s) allows for the calculation of the block's velocity (v'2).

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of conservation of momentum principles
  • Familiarity with basic physics equations
  • Ability to manipulate algebraic equations
  • Knowledge of units in physics (e.g., kg, m/s)
NEXT STEPS
  • Calculate the final velocity of the block using the derived equation
  • Explore additional examples of conservation of momentum in two-body collisions
  • Study the implications of friction in momentum conservation scenarios
  • Learn about elastic vs. inelastic collisions and their effects on momentum
USEFUL FOR

Students studying physics, educators teaching momentum concepts, and anyone interested in understanding collision dynamics in mechanics.

sweetpete28
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A bullet of mass m = 19.7 g traveling horizontally at speed vo = 445 m/s strikes a block of mass M = 854 g sitting on a frictionless, horizontal table. The bullet comes out the other side of the block at speed v = 415 m/s. What is the speed of the block after the bullet exits the block?

Using conservation of momentum, I have the following equation but there are two unknowns (v'1 and v'2) so I need 2 equations but am kind of lost as to what should be my second equation? Can someone please help?

m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v'1 + m2v'2

(.0197kg)(445m/s) + (.854kg)(0) = (.0197kg)v'1 + (.854kg)v'2

8.7665 = .0197v'1 + .854v'2
 
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sweetpete28 said:
A bullet of mass m = 19.7 g traveling horizontally at speed vo = 445 m/s strikes a block of mass M = 854 g sitting on a frictionless, horizontal table. The bullet comes out the other side of the block at speed v = 415 m/s. What is the speed of the block after the bullet exits the block?

Using conservation of momentum, I have the following equation but there are two unknowns (v'1 and v'2) so I need 2 equations but am kind of lost as to what should be my second equation? Can someone please help?

m1v1 + m2v2 = m1v'1 + m2v'2

(.0197kg)(445m/s) + (.854kg)(0) = (.0197kg)v'1 + (.854kg)v'2

8.7665 = .0197v'1 + .854v'2

You know v1', it is given in the problem.
 
the velocity on the right side of the equation is 415, it is given in the problem. you can solve for V2 using the same equation
 

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