Conservation of energy and measurement problem

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the relationship between the law of conservation of energy and the measurement problem in quantum mechanics, particularly focusing on how energy conservation might influence the outcomes of measurements in a two-dimensional measurement basis.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that if one particle enters a system, only one particle should exit, implying that outcomes of "both results simultaneously" or "neither outcome" would violate energy conservation.
  • Another participant counters that in the many worlds interpretation, the entangled state of the measuring device and the measured system maintains total energy conservation, but individual branches do not have well-defined energy.
  • A third participant reiterates the initial query about energy conservation accounting for single outcomes and introduces the idea that in the statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics, only the expectations of energy are conserved.
  • A later reply expresses a need for further study on the topic and mentions previous inquiries about the same question, highlighting challenges with the forum's search function.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of energy conservation in relation to measurement outcomes, indicating that multiple competing interpretations exist without a clear consensus.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved assumptions regarding the definitions of measurement outcomes and the interpretations of quantum mechanics being discussed, which may affect the conclusions drawn by participants.

entropy1
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If we have a two dimensional measurementbasis, then we have two possible outcomes of the measurement. Now I figured: considering the law of conservation of energy, if one particle goes in, one and only one can come out. So outcome "both results simultaneously" cannot happen, for that would violate the law of conservation of energy. So would "neither outcome". So, that leaves us with one outcome or the other.

So I am wondering if the law of conservation of energy could account for measuring only single outcomes? (Measurement problem)
 
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entropy1 said:
I am wondering if the law of conservation of energy could account for measuring only single outcomes?

No, it can't. In the many worlds interpretation, the measured system becomes entangled with the measuring device, and the whole entangled state is still an eigenstate of total energy with the same eigenvalue. In the case of measuring a single particle, each "branch" of the entangled wave function only has one particle in it, so one particle goes in and one particle comes out. But because there are multiple branches, you can't attribute the total energy to each branch separately; you can only attribute it to the entire entangled wave function as a whole. Neither branch has a well-defined energy by itself, because neither branch is a well-defined state by itself; only the full entangled wave function is a well-defined state.
 
entropy1 said:
If we have a two dimensional measurementbasis, then we have two possible outcomes of the measurement. Now I figured: considering the law of conservation of energy, if one particle goes in, one and only one can come out. So outcome "both results simultaneously" cannot happen, for that would violate the law of conservation of energy. So would "neither outcome". So, that leaves us with one outcome or the other.

So I am wondering if the law of conservation of energy could account for measuring only single outcomes? (Measurement problem)
In the statistical interpretation of QM, only the expectations of the energy is conserved.
 
Thanks. I have to study that some. :smile:

I vaguely recall that I have asked this very question before. The search function is inadequate for searching threads.
 

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