Conservation of momentum & energy

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SUMMARY

The problem involves two blocks, m1 (2 kg) and m2 (5 kg), with initial velocities of 10 m/s and 3 m/s, respectively, colliding and compressing a spring with a spring constant of 1120 N/m. The conservation of momentum and energy principles are applied to determine the maximum compression of the spring, x. The correct calculation shows that the maximum compression x is 0.250 m, achieved by first finding the common velocity after the collision and then applying energy conservation equations. The initial attempt incorrectly calculated the final velocity and compression.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of conservation of momentum
  • Knowledge of conservation of energy principles
  • Familiarity with kinetic energy equations
  • Basic concepts of spring mechanics (Hooke's Law)
NEXT STEPS
  • Review conservation of momentum in inelastic collisions
  • Study energy conservation in mechanical systems
  • Learn about Hooke's Law and spring potential energy
  • Practice problems involving collisions and spring compression
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics, as well as educators and tutors looking to enhance their understanding of momentum and energy conservation in collision scenarios.

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Homework Statement


A block of mass m1 = 2 kg slides along a frictionless table with speed 10 m/s. Directly in front of it, and moving in the same direction with a speed of 3 m/s is a block of mass m2 = 5kg. A massless spring with spring constant k = 1120 N/m is attached to the second block. The spring is compressed a maximum amount x. What is the value of x?


Homework Equations


m1v1 + m2v2 = m1vf1 + m2vf2
KEi = KEf + 1/2kx^2


The Attempt at a Solution


I knew that there would be a maximum compression of the spring when the first block has velocity = 0 m/s. I used cons. of momentum :
(2 kg)(10 m/s) + (5 kg)(3 m/s) = (5 kg)(Vf) to find Vf = 7 m/s
then used cons. of energy:
(0.5)(5 kg)(7 m/s)^2 = 1/2(1120)x^2
and got x = 0.4677 m

but the correct answer is 0.250 m
can anyone help me find the correct answer
 
Physics news on Phys.org
After collision both the masses move together until the compression is maximum. At that instant the common velocity is given by
m1v1 + m2v2 = (m1+m2)vf.
Applying the conservation of energy, you can write
m1v1^2 + m2v2^2 = (m1+m2)vf^2 +1/2*k*x^2.
Now proceed to find x.
 

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