Does a Zero Wronskian Imply Linear Dependence for Smooth Functions?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the implications of a zero Wronskian for a set of smooth functions \( \{ y, y_{1}, y_{2}, \ldots, y_{n} \} \subset C^{\infty} \). It is established that while a zero Wronskian does not guarantee linear dependence for arbitrary functions, it is true for analytic functions. The example of \( x^2 \) and \( x|x| \) illustrates that even with a zero Wronskian, functions can remain independent in certain neighborhoods.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Wronskian determinants
  • Familiarity with smooth functions in \( C^{\infty} \)
  • Knowledge of analytic functions and their properties
  • Basic concepts of linear dependence in function spaces
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the properties of the Wronskian in differential equations
  • Study the differences between smooth functions and analytic functions
  • Explore examples of linear independence among smooth functions
  • Learn about Peano's example and its implications in function analysis
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students of differential equations, and anyone studying the properties of smooth and analytic functions will benefit from this discussion.

Bipolarity
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Suppose I have some functions ## \{ y,y_{1},y_{2},...y_{n} \} \subset C^{∞} ## and suppose I know that the Wronskian of these functions is 0. Then can I conclude that these functions are linearly dependent?

Certainly this need not be true for an arbitrary set of functions, but it appears that it is true for analytic functions. My knowledge of these functions is very limited so I won't pursue it much, but are functions in ## C^{∞} ## considered analytic?

Thanks for the clarification.

BiP
 
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Bipolarity said:
Suppose I have some functions ## \{ y,y_{1},y_{2},...y_{n} \} \subset C^{∞} ## and suppose I know that the Wronskian of these functions is 0. Then can I conclude that these functions are linearly dependent?

Certainly this need not be true for an arbitrary set of functions, but it appears that it is true for analytic functions. My knowledge of these functions is very limited so I won't pursue it much, but are functions in ## C^{∞} ## considered analytic?

Thanks for the clarification.

BiP
Functions in ##C^{\infty}## are considered smooth, but not necessarily analytic. See here for details.

If the Wronskian is 0, the functions are not necessarily linearly dependent. For example, consider ##x^2## and ##x|x|##, the classical example given by Peano. Their Wronskian is 0, but they are clearly independent in any neighborhood of 0.
 

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