microatx said:
Has quantum vacuum information ? And can we measure it with Shannon Entropy and the other ways.
It depends on what you mean by vacuum and what you mean by information.
By vacuum, one usually means a
unique state with no particles. Since it is unique, it can only be in one state, there are no two or more different states called vacuum. As such, it cannot contain information in the sense of Shannon entropy.
Nevertheless, one often associates entanglement entropy with the vacuum. How can that be? The vacuum is an eigenstate of the Minkowski particle number operator. If you measure an observable that does not commute with that operator, you cannot predict in advance what will be result of measurement, there is an uncertainty. When there is uncertainty, there is entropy associated with that. A well known example is the Rindler particle number operator, which is defined only in a part of the Minkowski spacetime, so the entropy is associated with entanglement of that part of spacetime with the rest of it.
If all this is too abstract for you, here is a rough analogy: Can empty book contain information? It depends on what you mean by empty book and what you mean by information. In a most obvious sense, the empty book cannot contain information. Yet, there is a sense in which it can. For example, you can crumple some pages and leave other pages non-crumpled. This can be done in many different ways, so in this way you can encode information even in an empty book.