Undergrad Expected number of random variables that must be observed

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The expected number of random variables to be observed is calculated as E[N] = p^{-4}q^{-3} + p^{-2}q^{-1} + 2p^{-1}. There was a discussion about a potential typographical error in the expression for XN, which should be corrected to XN = p^{-4}q^{-3} - p^{-3}q^{-2} - p^{-2}q^{-1} - p^{-1}. The author’s answer to part (a) was confirmed as correct, while another participant acknowledged their mistake. The method used in the calculations was praised as innovative and effective. Overall, the conversation focused on clarifying the correct formulas and acknowledging errors in the initial responses.
WMDhamnekar
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TL;DR
Expected number of random variables that must be observed before any specific sequence.
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In my opinion, answer to (a) is ## \mathbb{E} [N] = p^{-4}q^{-3} + p^{-2}q^{-1} + 2p^{-1} ##
In answer to (b), XN is wrong. It should be XN=p-4q-3 - p-3 q-2- p-2 q-1 - p-1. This might be a typographical error.
Is my answer to (a) correct?
 
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WMDhamnekar said:
In my opinion, answer to (a) is ## \mathbb{E} [N] = p^{-4}q^{-3} + p^{-2}q^{-1} + 2p^{-1} ##
Please explain your reasoning.

For b) I agree with you.
 
haruspex said:
Please explain your reasoning.

For b) I agree with you.
Answer to (a) given by author is correct. My answer is wrong. Thanks for bringing my error to my notice.
 
WMDhamnekar said:
Answer to (a) given by author is correct. My answer is wrong. Thanks for bringing my error to my notice.
You are welcome.
I had never seen this method before. It's brilliant- thanks for posting.
 
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First trick I learned this one a long time ago and have used it to entertain and amuse young kids. Ask your friend to write down a three-digit number without showing it to you. Then ask him or her to rearrange the digits to form a new three-digit number. After that, write whichever is the larger number above the other number, and then subtract the smaller from the larger, making sure that you don't see any of the numbers. Then ask the young "victim" to tell you any two of the digits of the...

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