High School Exploring String Theory: Open and Closed Strings

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Open strings can be conceptualized as world lines, while closed strings resemble loops, highlighting their fundamental differences in string theory. The discussion references the perspectives found in Green, Schwartz, and Witten's superstring theory volume 2, suggesting a scholarly basis for these comparisons. Participants express curiosity about the origins of string shape illustrations, indicating a desire for deeper understanding. The conversation also touches on the relevance of visual representations in comprehending complex theoretical concepts. Overall, the exploration of string types enhances the understanding of their roles in theoretical physics.
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are open strings like world lines? and closed strings like loops?
 
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Dibujo20150803-world-sheets-open-strings-closed-strings-string-theory-Zwiebach.png


From https://www.google.com/search?safe=...0k1j0i24k1.0.oYFwSZDIBDw#imgrc=Q_zxTiQeY4_0IM:
 

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Is this the point of view in Green, Schwartz, Witten superstring theory volume 2?
 
Heh heh! I wanted to know where that picture of string shapes came from. Clicking on the Google search link produces the first hit being this very page. LOL!
 

Thread 'Questioning the timescape model'

"Supernovae evidence for foundational change to cosmological models" https://arxiv.org/pdf/2412.15143 The paper claims: We compare the standard homogeneous cosmological model, i.e., spatially flat ΛCDM, and the timescape cosmology which invokes backreaction of inhomogeneities. Timescape, while statistically homogeneous and isotropic, departs from average Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker evolution, and replaces dark energy by kinetic gravitational energy and its gradients, in explaining...
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