Fermats little theorem on permutations

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the application of Fermat's Little Theorem to analyze card shuffling permutations. Specifically, the permutation of a deck of cards is examined, transitioning from the sequence (1, 2, 3, ..., n, n+1, n+2, n+3, ...2n) to (2, 4, 6, ..., 2n 1, 3, 5, ...2n-1). It is established that 52 perfect shuffles are required to return the deck to its original order, and the relationship 52 ≡ 2 (mod 2n+1) is proposed. The discussion invites further exploration of the modular arithmetic involved in this context.

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  • Understanding of Fermat's Little Theorem
  • Knowledge of permutations and card shuffling
  • Familiarity with modular arithmetic
  • Basic combinatorial mathematics
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lilcoley23@ho
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I'm looking at a card shuffle. And in shuffle would be the permutation (1, 2, 3, ..., n, n+1, n+2, n+3, ...2n) to (2, 4, 6, ..., 2n 1, 3, 5, ...2n-1) I know that it would take 52 perfect shuffles to get the deck of cards back in the original order. I think that I'm supposed to show this using Fermats Little Theorem.
Fermats little theorem says a p-1 ≡ 1(mod p) or a p ≡ a(mod p). Now I'm pretty sure that using the permutation from above plugging in for Fermat'l Little Theorem looks like: 52 ≡ 2(mod 2n+1)
If that is right I'm not sure how to show that I came up with that 52.
Can somebody please help?
Thanks you so much! Nicole
 
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lilcoley23@ho said:
… the permutation (1, 2, 3, ..., n, n+1, n+2, n+3, ...2n) to (2, 4, 6, ..., 2n 1, 3, 5, ...2n-1) …

Hi Nicole! :smile:

Hint: what is k/2 (mod 53)? :wink:
 

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