Finding the Last Non-Zero Digit of a Repeated Factorial Expression

  • Thread starter Thread starter MAXIM LI
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Factorial
Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on determining the last non-zero digit of the repeated factorial expression $$(\dots((2018\underset{! \text{ occurs }1009\text{ times}}{\underbrace{!)!)!\dots)!}}$$. It is established that the last non-zero digit of ##2018!## is ##4##. The participant questions the significance of the repeated factorial operation occurring ##1009## times, which is half of ##2018##, and seeks guidance on how to utilize this information effectively in calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of factorial notation and operations
  • Knowledge of modular arithmetic
  • Familiarity with properties of non-zero digits in factorials
  • Basic combinatorial mathematics
NEXT STEPS
  • Research methods for calculating last non-zero digits in factorials
  • Explore the implications of repeated factorial operations
  • Learn about Stirling's approximation for large factorials
  • Investigate the role of prime factorization in determining non-zero digits
USEFUL FOR

Mathematicians, students studying combinatorics, and anyone interested in advanced factorial calculations and number theory.

MAXIM LI
Messages
6
Reaction score
2
Homework Statement
$$(\dots((2018\underset{! \text{ occurs }1009\text{ times}}{\underbrace{!)!)!\dots)!}}$$?
Relevant Equations
$$(\dots((2018\underset{! \text{ occurs }1009\text{ times}}{\underbrace{!)!)!\dots)!}}$$?
Without using computer programs, can we find the last non-zero digit of $$(\dots((2018\underset{! \text{ occurs }1009\text{ times}}{\underbrace{!)!)!\dots)!}}$$?

What I know is that the last non-zero digit of ##2018!## is ##4##, but I do not know what to do with that ##4##.

Is it useful that ##!## occurs ##1009## times where ##1009## is half of ##2018##? If that is useful, then what if ##1009## was another value, say ##1234##?

Any help will be appreciated. THANKS!
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: docnet
Physics news on Phys.org
MAXIM LI said:
What I know is that the last non-zero digit of ##2018!## is ##4##, but I do not know what to do with that ##4##.
How do you calculate that?
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
971
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
8
Views
3K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
  • · Replies 65 ·
3
Replies
65
Views
8K
Replies
3
Views
4K
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
2K
Replies
1
Views
2K