Fly-by anomaly is back with Juno

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the re-emergence of the fly-by anomaly observed during spacecraft fly-bys, particularly with the Juno spacecraft in its elliptical orbit around Jupiter. The anomaly indicates discrepancies between expected and actual speeds, suggesting either a gap in current physics understanding or potential new physics. The anomaly appears to be more pronounced near Jupiter due to its massive gravitational influence and rapid rotation. Researchers have accounted for various factors, including tidal forces from the Sun and Jupiter's moons, yet the anomaly persists, indicating possible overlooked variables or novel gravitational phenomena.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of General Relativity and its implications on gravitational physics
  • Familiarity with spacecraft dynamics and orbital mechanics
  • Knowledge of gravitational interactions, particularly in multi-body systems
  • Experience with analyzing astrophysical data and anomalies
NEXT STEPS
  • Investigate the implications of the fly-by anomaly on spacecraft trajectory predictions
  • Explore advanced gravitational models that include multipolar fields and tidal forces
  • Research the effects of Jupiter's moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto) on spacecraft dynamics
  • Examine potential new physics theories that could explain the fly-by anomaly
USEFUL FOR

Astronomers, physicists, aerospace engineers, and anyone involved in spacecraft navigation and gravitational research will benefit from this discussion.

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During some spacecraft fly-bys at Earth it was noted that their final speed didn’t match the expected values. The difference was too small to be relevant for their missions, but too large to be explained by simple measurement uncertainties. It is either a poorly understood or forgotten part of known physics or some new physics.

Juno is in a highly elliptic orbit around Jupiter. If the effect is real, we expect it to see an even stronger effect there thanks to Jupiter’s huge mass and potentially its fast rotation. And ... it seems that we do.
https://www.universal-sci.com/headlines/2017/12/04/juno-isnt-exactly-where-its-supposed-to-be-the-flyby-anomaly-is-back-but-why-does-it-happen
Whatever it is, it seems to be stronger at Jupiter.
 
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Really interesting.. Is there a possbility of affected by some anomalies in the Jupiter that we don't know ? Or Maybe a fully GR model can explain but including also other planets and the satellites etc ?

"Their model took into account the tidal forces exerted by the Sun and by Jupiter’s larger satellites – Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto – and also the contributions of the known zonal harmonics. They also accounted for Jupiter’s multipolar fields, which are the result of the planet oblate shape, "

I don't think that we need some new physics to explain it
I think we are missing something since we cannot add all the variables to our equations.

Also
"They also determined that this anomaly appears to be dependent on the ratio between the spacecraft ’s radial velocity and the speed of light, and that this decreases very fast as the craft’s altitude over Jupiter’s clouds changes. These issues were not predicted by General Relativity, so there is a chance that flyby anomalies are the result of novel gravitational phenomena – or perhaps, a more conventional effect that has been overlooked."

What's this means ?
 

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