Fluid Force on a Cube at Depth h0: Calculating Pressure and Magnitude of Force

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the magnitude of force, Fs, exerted on the vertical faces of a solid cube submerged in a liquid at a depth h0. The pressure at any point in the liquid is defined as p = (p0 + ρg(h0+x)), where ρ is the liquid density, p0 is atmospheric pressure, g is gravitational acceleration, and x is the depth variable. The final expression for the force is derived as Fs = -l² (p0 + ρ0g (h0 + ½l)) n, where l is the side length of the cube. Participants also discuss the validity of the integral approach and the necessity of removing extraneous variables from the final expression.

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  • Understanding of fluid mechanics principles, particularly hydrostatic pressure.
  • Familiarity with calculus, specifically surface integrals and area integrals.
  • Knowledge of atmospheric pressure and its role in fluid calculations.
  • Basic understanding of vector notation and unit vectors in physics.
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  • Review the derivation of hydrostatic pressure in fluids, focusing on the equation p = p0 + ρgh.
  • Study surface integrals and their applications in calculating forces on submerged objects.
  • Explore alternative methods for verifying fluid force calculations without integrals.
  • Investigate the effects of varying liquid densities on the force exerted on submerged objects.
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Homework Statement


A solid cube, mass m, side length l, is placed in a liquid of uniform density, ρ(rho), at a depth h0 below the surface of the liquid, which is open to the air.
The upper and lower faces of the cube are horizontal.

Find the magnitude of force, Fs, exerted on each vertical face of the cube and express it in terms of ρ (rho), l, h, atmospheric pressure p0 and gravity g.

Homework Equations


Pressure, p, at any point in the liquid = (p0 + ρg(h0+x))

The Attempt at a Solution


surface integral
Fs = -n ∫ (p0 + ρg(h0 +x))dA
where n is the unit vector normal to the surface

Area integral of a rectangle with side lengths a & b written as 2 single integrals
Fs = -n ∫ [ ∫ (p0 + ρg(h0 +x))dy]dx . . . . . . . . . . (first integral limits 0 & a, second limits 0 & b)
Fs = -n ∫ (p0 + ρg(h0 +x)) b dx
Fs = -b (p0 + ρgh0) a + ½*ρ0ga2) n
F
s = -ab (p0 + ρ0g(h0 + ½a)) n
remembering that ab = l*l = area of cube side = l2
so
Fs = -l2 (p0 + ρ0g (h0 +½a)) n

is that OK?
Is the integral look right.
I worry as I'm doing this at home by myself.
 
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Roodles01 said:

Homework Statement


A solid cube, mass m, side length l, is placed in a liquid of uniform density, ρ(rho), at a depth h0 below the surface of the liquid, which is open to the air.
The upper and lower faces of the cube are horizontal.

Find the magnitude of force, Fs, exerted on each vertical face of the cube and express it in terms of ρ (rho), l, h, atmospheric pressure p0 and gravity g.

Homework Equations


Pressure, p, at any point in the liquid = (p0 + ρg(h0+x))

The Attempt at a Solution


surface integral
Fs = -n ∫ (p0 + ρg(h0 +x))dA
where n is the unit vector normal to the surface

Area integral of a rectangle with side lengths a & b written as 2 single integrals
Fs = -n ∫ [ ∫ (p0 + ρg(h0 +x))dy]dx . . . . . . . . . . (first integral limits 0 & a, second limits 0 & b)
Fs = -n ∫ (p0 + ρg(h0 +x)) b dx
Fs = -b (p0 + ρgh0) a + ½*ρ0ga2) n
F
s = -ab (p0 + ρ0g(h0 + ½a)) n
remembering that ab = l*l = area of cube side = l2
so
Fs = -l2 (p0 + ρ0g (h0 +½a)) n

is that OK?
Is the integral look right.
I worry as I'm doing this at home by myself.

You've still got an 'a' in the expression for Fs. That's not one of the variables requested by the OP.

You can check your answer w/o using an integral.
 

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