How Can Light Be Influenced by Gravity?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the influence of gravity on light, specifically addressing concepts such as gravitational lensing, the momentum of photons, and the relationship between mass and gravity. Participants explore theoretical implications and clarify misconceptions related to light's interaction with gravitational fields.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion about how light, which is said to have no weight, can be influenced by gravity, referencing gravitational lensing.
  • Another participant explains that light has momentum and suggests a hypothetical scenario where a spaceship could use light's momentum to propel itself.
  • A claim is made that an object does not need mass to be affected by gravity, as massless photons can still be influenced by massive objects.
  • A counterpoint is raised regarding the nature of gravity, stating that all entities contribute to the stress-energy-momentum tensor, thus affecting gravity.
  • A question is posed about how photons can have momentum if they are massless and travel at light speed.
  • One participant asserts that everything is energy, referencing E=mc², while another challenges this by clarifying that the equation applies to rest mass and introduces a more general equation involving momentum.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the relationship between mass, momentum, and gravity, with no consensus reached on the implications of E=mc² for photons. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the nature of light's interaction with gravity.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in the discussion regarding the definitions of mass and energy, as well as the assumptions underlying the equations referenced. The nuances of gravitational effects on massless particles like photons are also not fully resolved.

spg89
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According to Einestine,
E=mc2
So light dosent have weight.but i m heard of gravitational lensing...if light doesn't have weight,den how can it influenced by the gravity?i m confussed...
 
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hi spg89! :smile:

light has momentum …

a spaceship with an extremely large sail would be able to point it towards the nearest star, and the momentum of the light hitting it (on one side only, of course) would give the same force as ordinary wind

(i'm not talking about the "solar wind" itself, which is made of ordinary particles, not light, and doesn't go very far from the star)
 
An object doesn't need mass to affected by gravity. It needs mass to cause gravity. So a massless photon will be affected by the gravity of an object that has mass.
 
FtlIsAwesome said:
It needs mass to cause gravity. So a massless photon will be affected by the gravity of an object that has mass.

Not true. All you need to create "gravity" is a nonzero contribution to the stress-energy-momentum tensor. Photons definitely have momentum, so they do contribute.

Everything is "affected" by gravity, simply because free particles, no matter what they are, move on geodesics, and gravity alters the form of those geodesics.
 
how photon have momentum?cause,at light speed(for light itself),nothing has weight...then how can it be possible?
 
Even if photon has mass,according to E=mc2...everything is energy...
 
spg89 said:
Even if photon has mass,according to E=mc2...everything is energy...

E=mc2 is NOT, I repeat NOT, the correct equation. The m in that equation is rest mass, and for photons that is zero.

The correct equation is E2 = m2c4+p2c2 where p is the momentum. It can be shown that the momentum of a photon is h/[tex]\lambda[/tex], where [tex]\lambda[/tex] is the wavelength of the photon and h is Planck's constant.

I hope this has cleared things up.
 
yeah...thnx man..
 

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