How close can planets safely exist from each other?

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SUMMARY

The closest distance that planets can safely exist from each other depends on their orbital dynamics and gravitational interactions. In their orbits, planets must maintain a distance greater than the Roche limit to ensure long-term stability. The Roche limit is a critical threshold that prevents celestial bodies from being torn apart by tidal forces. For double planet systems, the proximity is dictated by these same gravitational principles, emphasizing the importance of orbital mechanics in planetary formation and stability.

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Theoretically, what would be the closest one planet could safely exist away from another?
 
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Do you mean "in their orbits", or do you mean "sitting next to each other" (such as a double planet system)?

In their orbits, the closer they are the less long-term stability they'll have.

If orbiting each other, they'll have to be outside the Roche limit (wiki this).
 

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