How Do Cosmic Rays Travel Through Earth's Atmosphere?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the relative velocity of a cosmic ray traveling through Earth's atmosphere, specifically addressing three key questions. The cosmic ray travels 60 km in 400 μs, resulting in a relative velocity of 0.5c, where c is the speed of light. The time experienced by the cosmic ray is calculated to be 346 μs, and the effective thickness of the Earth's atmosphere from the cosmic ray's perspective is determined to be 52 km. These calculations utilize the principles of time dilation and length contraction from Einstein's theory of relativity.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Einstein's theory of relativity
  • Familiarity with time dilation and length contraction equations
  • Basic knowledge of inertial reference frames
  • Ability to perform calculations involving speed, distance, and time
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the time dilation equation in detail
  • Explore length contraction concepts in special relativity
  • Learn about inertial reference frames and their significance in physics
  • Investigate practical applications of relativity in modern physics
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, educators, and anyone interested in the implications of special relativity on high-speed particles like cosmic rays.

najisalem2009
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Homework Statement


A cosmic ray travels 60km through the Earth's atmosphere in 400μs, as mesured by experimenters on the ground.
a. Calculate the relative velocity between the cosmic ray's intertial reference grame and the Earth's inertial reference frame.

b. How long does the journey take according to the cosmic ray?

c. According to the cosmic ray, how thick is the Earth's atmosphere?

Homework Equations



Time dilation equation
Δt=Δt'/\sqrt{}1-v²/c2

Length contraction
L=L'\sqrt{}1-v²-c²<br /> <br /> <br /> <h2>The Attempt at a Solution</h2><br /> <br /> Answers a) v=0.5c, b) t<sub>ray</sub>=346μs, c) L<sub>ray</sub>=52km<br /> <br /> Im very confused on how to approach this question, can anyone point me in the right direction.
 
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Well, part (a) is just asking you to figure out how fast the cosmic ray is moving as measured by the people on Earth. How do you figure out speed given distance and time?
 

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