How Do You Calculate Kp for the Formation of Ammonia from Nitrogen and Hydrogen?

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SUMMARY

The calculation of Kp for the formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen involves using the standard Gibbs free energy change of -33.0 kJ at 298 K. The correct formula to calculate Kp is Kp = Kc(RT)^(ΔNg), where R is 0.008314 kJ/K and ΔNg is the difference in moles of gaseous products and reactants. The initial attempt yielded Kc = 6.09 x 10^5, but the correct Kp value is 5.97 x 10^5 when using R = 8.314 J/mol·K. Accurate unit conversion and formula application are crucial for obtaining the correct Kp value.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Gibbs free energy and its significance in chemical reactions.
  • Familiarity with the ideal gas constant (R) and its units.
  • Knowledge of the relationship between Kp and Kc in gas-phase reactions.
  • Basic algebra skills for manipulating equations and performing calculations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn about the derivation of the relationship between Kp and Kc for gas-phase reactions.
  • Study the implications of Gibbs free energy on reaction spontaneity and equilibrium.
  • Explore the application of the ideal gas law in thermodynamic calculations.
  • Practice calculating equilibrium constants for various chemical reactions using different values of R.
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Chemistry students, educators, and professionals involved in thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium calculations will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement


The standard Gibb's free energy for the reaction N2+3H2<--->2NH3 is -33.0 KJ at 298 K. Everything is a gas. Calculate Kp for this reaction.


Homework Equations



I have in my notes that Keq=e^(-Delta G/RT) where R is the constant 0.008314 KJ/K. I also have a formula that converts between Kp and Keq: Kp= Kc(.0821Xtemperature)^(Moles of gasseous products-moles of gasseous reactants).


The Attempt at a Solution


My attempt at a solution was to use the first formula (which I think gives Kc) and then convert it into Kp using the second formula.
My answer ended up differing from the one given in my homework though. Here is my work:

Keq= e^(33.0/(0.008314x298)= 6.09x10^5

Kp= (6.09x10^5)(0.0821x298)^(-2) = not the correct answer

The answer is: Kp=5.97x10^5
 
Last edited:
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I think here, you have to use R=8.314 joules/mol . Keq can be calculated in the same way as you showed.

That is Kc. Kp=Kc(RT)^(delta Ng)
 

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