How Do You Solve This NH3 and H2O Chemical Equilibrium Problem?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving a chemical equilibrium problem involving the reaction of ammonia (NH3) and water (H2O) at standard temperature and pressure (STP). Key calculations include the equilibrium constant expression (Keq), the pH of a 0.0180 M NH3 solution, and the determination of Kb for NH3 using the relationship Kb = Kw/Ka. Participants also discuss the % ionization of NH3 and the titration of NH3 with HCl, providing specific calculations for the volume of HCl needed to reach the equivalence point and the resulting pH after various volumes of HCl are added.

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  • Understanding of chemical equilibrium concepts
  • Familiarity with the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation
  • Knowledge of acid-base titration principles
  • Ability to calculate pH and ionization percentages
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Chemistry students, educators, and professionals involved in analytical chemistry or chemical education who seek to deepen their understanding of acid-base equilibria and titration techniques.

TheManw/theGoldenGun
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Hi all, this is the question:
Question data:
Reaction at STP: NH3 (aq) + H2O (l)  NH4+ (aq) + OH- (aq)
[NH3] = 0.0180 M
[OH-] = 5.6E-4 M


The answers I tried are in blue.

a. Write Keq expression for reaction above.
Keq = ([NH4][OH-])/([NH3][H2O])

b. Find pH of 0.0180 M NH3.
Do I use the Henderson Hasselbach equation for this? pH = pKa + log(Base/Acid)? =

c. Find Kb for NH3.
Kb = Kw/Ka right? How do I find Ka then?

d. Find % ionization of NH3 in 0.0180 M NH3.
I guess this is [NH4+]/0.0180*100% right? How do I find NH4?

e. 20.0 mL of 0.0180 M NH3 was titrated beyond equivalence point using 0.0120 M HCl.
a. Find volume of 0.0120 M HCl added to reach equivalence point.
So this happens when moles NH3 = mol HCl. So, 0.0180 M NH3 * .020 L = .00036 mol NH3. We would then need .00036 mol HCl, which could be obtained from doing .00036/.0120 = .030 L or 30.0 mL, yes?

b. Find pH of total solution after 15.0 mL of 0.0120 M HCl was added.
.015 L * .012 M HCl = .00018 mol HCl reacting with .00036 mol NH3 in 0.035 total L solution...do I use Henderson-Hasselbach for this too?

c. Find pH of total solution after 40.0 mL of 0.0120 M HCl was added.
Since you have .04 L * .012 M HCl = .00048 mol HCl reacting with .00036 mol NH3, you have .00012 mol worth of excess H+, divided by total solution of 0.06 L = .002 M, take -log(.002) = 2.70 = pH? Yes?​

Help please!
 
Last edited:
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a. true
b. true
c. Kb = [NH4+]*[OH-]/[NH3], [NH4+] = [OH-], [H2O] doesn't goes in equation, because concentracion of water is constant, 55.555...mol/dm3
d. [NH4+] = [OH-]
 

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