How Does Proton Spin Influence Its Magnetic Field?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the influence of proton spin on its magnetic field, particularly in relation to the magnetic moment of protons and the theoretical implications of applying external energy to manipulate proton spin. The scope includes theoretical considerations, mathematical reasoning, and conceptual clarifications regarding nuclear magnetic moments.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Mathematical reasoning

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions the theory of nuclear moments and presents a calculation involving the magnetic moment of hydrogen and the energy required to rotate a proton.
  • Another participant suggests that achieving a difference in energy of 150 keV between proton spin orientations would require an extremely large external magnetic field, possibly with additional numerical prefactors.
  • A different participant notes the difficulty of aligning protons due to thermal motion and the shielding effects from surrounding ions and electrons, while also speculating on the internal structure of protons as a rotating charged entity generating a magnetic dipole.
  • One participant asserts that the magnetic moment of the proton is primarily due to its spin, while acknowledging the potential for a very small contribution from an electric dipole moment.
  • Participants express a need for references or resources to find mathematical prefactors related to proton spin and momentum.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying degrees of uncertainty regarding the internal structure of protons and the feasibility of manipulating proton spin with external fields. There is no consensus on the specific mathematical details or the applicability of certain calculations.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the lack of clarity on the assumptions made in calculations, the dependence on specific definitions of magnetic moments, and the unresolved nature of the contributions from potential electric dipole moments.

Javier Lopez
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I do not understand the theory of moment of nuclei

I read here: http://www.sjsu.edu/faculty/watkins/nuclearmoment3.htm that the magnetic moment of Hydrogen is 2.79284734 magnetons = 2.79284734*9.274009994e-24 joules/tesla =2.59e-23 joules/tesla
So if I make to rotate a proton using 150 keV could I have a magnetic field at the proton surface accordingly following expresion?
$$\frac{150keV*1.6022*10^{-16}\frac{Joule}{keV}} {2.59*10{-23}\frac{Joules}{tesla}}=928 megateslas$$

Do I have to multiply with some constants?
Is the magnetic momento of a proton = 0?
 
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You would need such a huge external field to make the two proton spin orientations differ in energy by 150 keV.
+- some numerical prefactors maybe.
 
You are right, not only difficult for 2 hydrogens but almost impossible due heating over some eV they may get divorced :).

Single protons that have almost the same moment: 2.7928473508 but I suppose may be impossible align all ions due temperature makes them go free pointing anywere and the magnetic field is shielded by external ions and electrons.

I do not know about how is proton internal structure, but seems to be like a charged bump on surface rotating to create a loop that generates a magnetic dipole

Where mathematics prefactors can be found?, I have not bibliography of "atom spin and momentum" or a sample exercise about that and I have to include calculus in a small excel sheet that I am making
 
Javier Lopez said:
I do not know about how is proton internal structure, but seems to be like a charged bump on surface rotating to create a loop that generates a magnetic dipole
No, the magnetic moment is purely from spin of the proton.

Experimentally we cannot rule out a contribution from an electric dipole moment but it has to be tiny.
https://arxiv.org/abs/1502.04317
Javier Lopez said:
Where mathematics prefactors can be found?
If in doubt: In textbooks.
 
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