How does tourmaline produce negative ion ?

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SUMMARY

Tourmaline produces negative ions through a process of piezoelectricity, where mechanical stress generates electrical charges that result in the emission of negatively charged ions. These ions originate from the crystal structure of tourmaline, which allows for the release of an extra electron. Similarly, volcanic ash also generates negative ions due to its mineral composition and the physical processes involved during volcanic eruptions.

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How does tourmaline produce negative ions ?

Where those negative ions come from ?

I know that negative ions is simply atoms with 1 extra electron so where they come from ?

I also know that volcanic ash also produce negative ion same question ?
 
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