How Does Varying a Function Lead to a Change in Its Integral Form?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the process of varying a function within the context of integral calculus, specifically regarding the integral expression \(\int a^{3}(t)(0.5\dot{\phi}^{2}-\frac{1}{2a^2}(\nabla \phi)^{2} -V) d^3 x\). The user seeks clarification on how variations with respect to \(\phi\) lead to the transformed expression \(\int (-\frac{d}{dt}(a^{3}\dot{\phi})+a(\nabla^{2} \phi) -a^3V') d^3 x\). The discussion highlights the importance of understanding the movement of variations and the implications of the metric signature (-,+++).

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pleasehelpmeno
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Hi i am trying to vary [itex]\int a^{3}(t)(0.5\dot{\phi}^{2}-\frac{1}{2a^2}(\nabla \phi)^{2} -V) d^3 x[/itex]
I understand that one varyies w.r.t phi so it becomes:
[itex]\int a^{3}(t)(\dot{\phi}\delta \dot{\phi}-\frac{1}{a^2}(\nabla \phi)(\delta \nabla \phi) -V'\delta \phi) d^3 x[/itex]

I can't see why it would then becomes [itex]\int (-\frac{d}{dt}(a^{3}\dot{\phi})+a(\nabla^{2} \phi) -a^3V') d^3 x[/itex]

I.e where do the variations go why does it become [itex]\partial_{\mu}[/itex] that then moves before the terms not after them , i realize that the metric used is (-,+++)
 
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I don't know the answer, but I think you would do better by putting your question in the calculus forum.
 

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