Identifying Positive and Negative Charges Using Vector Components

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heelp
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How would I know when the charges are negitive and positive? Along the x and y-axis Thanks in advance for your help.
 
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You'll need to be more specific. Do you have an example that confuses you?

Some tips that might help: Opposite charges attract; similar charges repel. The field from a positive charge points away from the charge; The field from a negative charge points toward the charge.
 
And with that you take the components of the vectors, in that way, you eliminate for the moment the vectorial behaviour and work directly on the components (taking the direction like + or -).