Condensing an atom or group of atoms theoretically increases gravitational force due to the atom's composition, which is 99.9999999999996% empty space. However, this does not lead to the formation of a black hole, as even a carbon atom condensed to its Schwarzschild radius (3x10^-53 m) is smaller than the Planck length (1.6x10^-35 m). Neutron stars, despite their high density, do not qualify as black holes. Current theories assert that a black hole of mass less than the Planck mass (2x10^-8 kg) would evaporate via Hawking radiation in less than the Planck time (5x10^-44 s).
PREREQUISITESPhysicists, students of quantum mechanics, and anyone interested in the theoretical aspects of black holes and atomic physics.
do you exclude all other interaction?Carobouy said:If you were to condense an atom or group of atoms, the gravitational force would be very large because the atom is 99.9999999999996% empty, so making it 100% full would be like crushing a pound of tin foil into the size of a pen dot. If the density is so much it would make a huuuuge gravitational force right? So it theoretically create a black hole. Right?
Carobouy said:If you were to condense an atom or group of atoms, the gravitational force would be very large because the atom is 99.9999999999996% empty, so making it 100% full would be like crushing a pound of tin foil into the size of a pen dot. If the density is so much it would make a huuuuge gravitational force right? So it theoretically create a black hole. Right?
Only for very strange definitions of "empty". If you go by the space where wave functions are, it is exactly 0% empty. If you go by volume physically used by particles, it is exactly 100% empty. To get a number close to 100% but not exactly 100% you have to consider the electrons as point-like and ignore their wave functions, but use the size of the wave functions of the nuclei to define their volume.Carobouy said:the atom is 99.9999999999996% empty
Thank you. This answers my question.mfb said:There is nothing you could "condense" about an atom.
A condensed group of atoms is a liquid or a solid.
In both cases there is no black hole.Only for very strange definitions of "empty". If you go by the space where wave functions are, it is exactly 0% empty. If you go by volume physically used by particles, it is exactly 100% empty. To get a number close to 100% but not exactly 100% you have to consider the electrons as point-like and ignore their wave functions, but use the size of the wave functions of the nuclei to define their volume.
Neutron stars have a very high density, roughly the same density as nuclei but with a larger volume. They are not black holes.
Pop-science presentations most likelydgwsoft said:DOH! of course the Planck mass is not the smallest physically meaningful mass. But now wonder why that is though to be true of the Planck time and length? Anybody know?