Incidence, Refraction, Critical Angle

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Homework Statement


Travellers in hot places often think that they see water in the distance, when there is nothing but land there. This effect is called a mirage. The air near the ground is very hot, and light reflects off the top of this layer of hot air. The diagram below shows how you could demonstrate the effect in a laboratory.

Ray diagram of a light ray passing from air into a rectangular glass block, reflecting off the base, and leaving through the side, with the label Glass block inside and Air on the left.


On the diagram, draw appropriate normals and mark:
  • An angle of incidence, labelled I,
  • An angle of refraction, labelled R, and
  • An angle labelled G which you know is greater than the critical angle.


2. The attempt at a solution
Ray diagram of a glass block with light entering from the upper right at angle I, refracting to angle R, and striking the base at angle G, with dashed normals and labels Air and Glass block.


^ Is it correct?
 
Air said:

Homework Statement


Travellers in hot places often think that they see water in the distance, when there is nothing but land there. This effect is called a mirage. The air near the ground is very hot, and light reflects off the top of this layer of hot air. The diagram below shows how you could demonstrate the effect in a laboratory.

Diagram of a light ray entering a rectangular glass block from the right, reflecting off its bottom surface, and leaving through the left side into air, with the label Glass block and Air.


On the diagram, draw appropriate normals and mark:
  • An angle of incidence, labelled I,
  • An angle of refraction, labelled R, and
  • An angle labelled G which you know is greater than the critical angle.


2. The attempt at a solution
Ray diagram of a light ray refracting through a rectangular glass block, with labelled angles I (incidence), R (refraction) and G (glass-to-air boundary), and the surrounding medium marked Air.


^ Is it correct?
Looks good to me :approve:
 
I was confused if G was just as the ray left the glass block. So, it is correct, that it occurs during total internal reflection?
 
Air said:
I was confused if G was just as the ray left the glass block. So, it is correct, that it occurs during total internal reflection?
I'm sorry I'm not sure what you mean. You know that G must be greater than the critical angle because TIR occurs.
 
So, is G the angle of incidence for total internal reflection to occur.

Isn't critical angle when incident angle equal reflected angle? :confused:
 
Air said:
So, is G the angle of incidence for total internal reflection to occur.

Isn't critical angle when incident angle equal reflected angle? :confused:
No, all you can conclude from the diagram is that G is greater than the critical angle since we have TIR. Furthermore, the incident angle is always equal to the reflected angle.
 
If I drew G on the other side of the normal inside the glass block (where total internal reflection occurs), would that have been correct too? Or, is it always the angle from the normal line when it is incident ray?
 
Air said:
If I drew G on the other side of the normal inside the glass block (where total internal reflection occurs), would that have been correct too? Or, is it always the angle from the normal line when it is incident ray?
The critical angle is always measured from the normal to the incident ray. However, in this case you know that since the ray is reflected both the angles on either side of the normal must be equal, therefore it is equally correct to mark G as the angle between the reflected ray and the normal line.