Interaction betwen position eigenstates of particle

In summary, the interaction between position eigenstates of a particle is a fundamental concept in quantum mechanics. These eigenstates represent the various possible positions of a particle, and their interaction can be described using mathematical operators called position operators. By measuring the position of a particle, its state collapses into one of these eigenstates, leading to the uncertainty principle and the wave-particle duality of quantum particles. The interaction between position eigenstates is crucial in understanding the behavior of particles at the quantum level and has many practical applications in fields such as quantum computing and particle physics.
  • #1
maxverywell
197
2
If a (charged) particle is in superposition of two different positions A and B is it interacting with itself by electric forces (and gravitational force)? Is it true that the particle is in both places A and B simultaneously?
 
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  • #2
No, the particles don't interact with themselves. (Causing quite a dilemma when developing quantum field theory!)

Yes, it's true the particle is 'in both places at once'. E.g. if you look at it from the perspective of any other particle, the second particle will interact with the first particle at both point A and B at the same time.
 
  • #3
This would lead to a nonlinear Schroedinger equation and this a "no-no".
 
  • #4
alxm said:
No, the particles don't interact with themselves. (Causing quite a dilemma when developing quantum field theory!)

Yes, it's true the particle is 'in both places at once'. E.g. if you look at it from the perspective of any other particle, the second particle will interact with the first particle at both point A and B at the same time.

Thanks for your reply. So if the particle is 'in both places at once' why they don't interact? How QFT dealt with that?
 
  • #5
maxverywell said:
So if the particle is 'in both places at once' why they don't interact? How QFT dealt with that?

Well the positional superposition here is 'wave-like' behavior, so it's better to look at it that way; like two crests of a wave, they're not two distinct entities but both part of the same thing.

Now, the problem of why the particle doesn't interact with itself doesn't really hinge on the fact that it can be in several places at once. You have a self-interaction problem even in purely classical terms (it does get more complicated in QFT though). The solution that they came up with is termed 'http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renormalization" '. Basically they 'invented' some counter-terms that canceled out the infinities that came about from self-interaction.

(Paul Dirac was famously very unhappy with this solution, saying "Sensible mathematics involves neglecting a quantity when it turns out to be small - not neglecting it just because it is infinitely great and you do not want it!")
 
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1. What is the concept of position eigenstates of a particle?

Position eigenstates refer to the specific location or position of a particle in a given space. In quantum mechanics, a particle's position is described by a wave function, and when measured, the wave function collapses into a specific position eigenstate.

2. How do position eigenstates interact with each other?

The interaction between position eigenstates is described by the concept of superposition, where the wave functions of each eigenstate combine to form a new, more complex wave function. This allows for the possibility of the particle being in multiple positions at the same time.

3. What is the significance of the uncertainty principle in the interaction between position eigenstates?

The uncertainty principle states that it is impossible to simultaneously know the precise position and momentum of a particle. Therefore, the interaction between position eigenstates is subject to uncertainty, as the exact position of the particle cannot be determined with absolute certainty.

4. How does the interaction between position eigenstates change over time?

The interaction between position eigenstates can change over time as the wave function evolves according to the Schrödinger equation. This results in the possibility of the particle moving from one position eigenstate to another, a phenomenon known as quantum tunneling.

5. Can the interaction between position eigenstates be observed in real-world experiments?

Yes, the interaction between position eigenstates has been observed in various experiments, such as the double-slit experiment. This phenomenon is a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics and has been confirmed through numerous experiments and observations.

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