5. Routing and Tunneling Considerations
Routing carriers through the territory of similar carriers, without
peering agreements, will sometimes cause abrupt route changes,
looping packets, and out-of-order delivery. Similarly, routing
carriers through the territory of predatory carriers may potentially
cause severe packet loss. It is strongly recommended that these
factors be considered in the routing algorithm used to create carrier
routing tables. Implementers should consider policy-based routing to
ensure reliable packet delivery by routing around areas where
territorial and predatory carriers are prevalent.
There is evidence that some carriers have a propensity to eat other
carriers and then carry the eaten payloads. Perhaps this provides a
new way to tunnel an IPv4 packet in an IPv6 payload, or vice versa.
However, the decapsulation mechanism is unclear at the time of this
writing.
