Is the Universe Truly Eternal or Just a Temporary Fluctuation?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concept of whether the universe is truly eternal or if it is merely a temporary fluctuation, particularly in the context of particle lifetimes such as protons and electrons. Participants explore implications of these lifetimes on the nature of the universe, considering both theoretical and philosophical perspectives.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Exploratory

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the long lifetimes of protons and electrons suggest the universe could be eternal, with the Big Bang viewed as a fluctuation within that timeframe.
  • Others argue that the inference drawn from proton lifetimes does not necessarily imply an eternal universe, questioning the validity of this assumption.
  • A later reply emphasizes that while proton decay is a significant detail, it does not fundamentally alter the overall understanding of the universe's fate.
  • One participant mentions the time frame for black hole evaporation, suggesting that the longevity of black holes also contributes to the discussion of the universe's temporal nature.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of particle lifetimes for the concept of an eternal universe. There is no consensus, as some support the idea of an eternal universe while others challenge this perspective.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the assumptions regarding particle lifetimes are based on observations and statistical inferences, which may not provide a definitive answer regarding the universe's eternity.

mcronald
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With the life of a proton exceeding 10 to the 34 years and the electron even greater why can't we assume the universe is eternal and the big bang a fluctuation in that duration? Its no more difficult to consider an eternal universe as it is a finite one with nothing coming before as it seems that it will never end.
 
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mcronald said:
With the life of a proton exceeding 10 to the 34 years and the electron even greater why can't we assume the universe is eternal and the big bang a fluctuation in that duration? Its no more difficult to consider an eternal universe as it is a finite one with nothing coming before as it seems that it will never end.
I guess it depends on how infinite your infinity has to be.
The largest black holes will take 10 ^ 100 to evaporate.
See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_death_of_the_universe#Time_frame_for_heat_death
 
mcronald said:
With the life of a proton exceeding 10 to the 34 years and the electron even greater why can't we assume the universe is eternal and the big bang a fluctuation in that duration?
I do not quite see how you make this inference. That the proton has a lifetime larger than ##10^{34}## years by no means implies that the universe must be eternal.

Edit: Nobody has observed a proton for ##10^{34}## years. The proton mean-life (or bounds on it) are inferred from observing a large number of protons. Particle decays work according to an exponential distribution and if the mean-life would be ##10^{x}## years and you observed ##10^{x}## particles for one year, you would expect one of those particles to decay.
 
mcronald said:
With the life of a proton exceeding 10 to the 34 years and the electron even greater why can't we assume the universe is eternal and the big bang a fluctuation in that duration? Its no more difficult to consider an eternal universe as it is a finite one with nothing coming before as it seems that it will never end.
This is a good read on the subject:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_of_an_expanding_universe

The short version of the above, in relation to your question, is that proton decay doesn't change the overall picture: it's more a detail than a big change to the overall picture.
 

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