What Are the Best Resources for Understanding Jacobian and Hessian Matrices?

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For a deep understanding of Jacobians and Hessians, it's recommended to explore resources that discuss their roles as generalizations of derivatives for vector and scalar functions, including concepts like divergence, gradient, and curl. Wikipedia can provide a starting point, but more specialized articles can be found by searching for "E.B. Christoffel revisited" on Google. The Hessian matrix, which maps functions from R^n to R^(n x n), is defined by its elements as the second derivatives of the function. Engaging with recent academic works on this topic may also enhance comprehension. Mastery of these concepts is acknowledged to be challenging but rewarding.
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Can someone direct me to a good deep exposition of Jacobians and Hessians? I am especially looking for stuff that pertains to their being generalizations of derivatives of vector and scalar functions as well as div, grad, curl. Book sources or web links are appreciated.
 
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have you tried looking on wikipedia?
 
Of course. There were a few helpful articles I found.
 
Just go to google.your country and try the words: E.B. Christoffel revisited.

You will find very interesting recent works on that topic.

But ...good luck, because its a hard "stuff"
 
The Hessian is essentially a matrix operator that takes functions f:\mathbb{R}^{n}\rightarrow\mathbb{R} and maps them into \mathbb{R}^{n\times n}, the element H_{ij} of the matrix are given by:
<br /> H_{ij}=\frac{\partial^{2}f}{\partial x_{i}\partial x_{j}}<br />
 
There are probably loads of proofs of this online, but I do not want to cheat. Here is my attempt: Convexity says that $$f(\lambda a + (1-\lambda)b) \leq \lambda f(a) + (1-\lambda) f(b)$$ $$f(b + \lambda(a-b)) \leq f(b) + \lambda (f(a) - f(b))$$ We know from the intermediate value theorem that there exists a ##c \in (b,a)## such that $$\frac{f(a) - f(b)}{a-b} = f'(c).$$ Hence $$f(b + \lambda(a-b)) \leq f(b) + \lambda (a - b) f'(c))$$ $$\frac{f(b + \lambda(a-b)) - f(b)}{\lambda(a-b)}...

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