Kirchoff's Current Law - Negative Current Value?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on the application of Kirchoff's Current Law (KCL) in analyzing current values in a circuit. The user calculated I2 as -10A and I4 as -2A, raising the question of whether negative current values indicate a reversal in direction. The consensus is that current is indeed a vector quantity, and negative values signify that the actual flow is opposite to the defined positive direction. Understanding the orientation of current flow is crucial for accurate circuit analysis.

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  • Understanding of Kirchoff's Current Law (KCL)
  • Basic knowledge of electrical circuit components and current flow
  • Familiarity with vector quantities in physics
  • Ability to interpret circuit diagrams and current direction indicators
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Electrical engineering students, circuit designers, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of current flow in electrical circuits.

waterchan
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First of all, sorry for the poorly drawn figure.

In this figure, given are several conducting elements connecting by conducting wires, with the direction and amount of current flow indicated. I have to find the current across elements I1 through I4. When I apply Kirchoff's Current Law at node A (pointed to by the red arrow), I get:

Current entering node = Current leaving node
0 = I2 + 7A + 3A
I2 = -10A

Similarly, when I apply the law at node B (blue arrow), I get:

Current entering node = Current leaving node
2A = I4 + 4A
I4 = -2A

Am I doing something wrong, or is it possible for current to have a negative value depending on direction? In other words, can current be a vector quantity?

Thanks for regarding my dumb question.
 

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Sure, this means the current I4 is actually flowing towards node B. Current is always a vector quantity although in electronic circuits you don't need to bother with three-dimensional vectors, one dimension will do. The important thing is that is has a direction which is shown in the sign of the current. YOU have to specify the positive direction though, that's why there are arrows in the diagram. These arrows do not show the direction the current is flowing, but the positively oriented direction.
Current is exactly like velocity in this respect. (Current IS charge density times velocity).
 

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