Low RPM-high torque vs High RPM-low torque -- durability?

  • Context: Automotive 
  • Thread starter Thread starter John Mcrain
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Torque
Click For Summary

Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the durability of diesel versus petrol engines, particularly focusing on the implications of low RPM-high torque versus high RPM-low torque configurations. Participants explore the reasons behind the longevity of diesel engines compared to petrol engines, examining factors such as piston speed, wear rates, and construction differences.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants suggest that low RPM is a key reason why diesel engines last longer than petrol engines, while others argue that low piston speed is the more critical factor.
  • It is noted that higher piston sliding speed in high RPM engines leads to increased wear rates, as described by the Archard wear equation.
  • Participants discuss how the construction of diesel engines, which allows for higher torque at lower RPM, contributes to their durability.
  • Some contributions highlight that petrol engines experience wear due to the step and taper at the top of the cylinder, which can be exacerbated by sudden high RPM.
  • Others mention that the slower injection and smoother combustion in diesel engines reduce wear, contributing to longer engine life.
  • A question is raised regarding the durability of turbo diesel engines compared to standard diesel engines, with a note that turbo diesels are more complex and can operate at higher RPMs.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the primary reasons for the durability differences between diesel and petrol engines. While some agree on certain factors, there is no consensus on the overall implications of RPM and piston speed on engine longevity.

Contextual Notes

Participants reference various factors such as piston speed, stroke length, and construction materials, but the discussion does not resolve how these factors interact comprehensively. There are also mentions of external sources like Wikipedia and HPWizard, indicating that some claims may depend on additional context or definitions.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to automotive engineers, mechanics, and enthusiasts looking to understand the durability characteristics of diesel versus petrol engines, particularly in relation to RPM and torque dynamics.

John Mcrain
Messages
435
Reaction score
28
*Comparation of diesel vs petrol engine with equal power
*Why all heavy duty-long last engines are low RPM?
*Is low RPM main reason why diesel last longer then petrol engines?If does,why high RPM engines "kill" engine faster?
*What are pros/cons for diesel and petrol in term of durability?
 
Last edited:
Engineering news on Phys.org
John Mcrain said:
What are pros/cons for diesel and petrol in term of durability?
Higher compression ratio gives diesel better economy, but requires heavier construction.
Heavier construction permits higher torque = lower RPM for same HP.
Low RPM is associated with low piston velocity.
Diesel is a better lubricant than petrol.
 
John Mcrain said:
Is low RPM main reason why diesel last longer then petrol engines?
No, it's low piston speed. Piston speed depends on RPM, but also on stroke. More on Wikipedia and HPWizard
John Mcrain said:
If does,why high RPM engines "kill" engine faster?
With higher piston [sliding] speed comes higher wear rate. (Archard wear equation)

Also, a piston can easily do 0-100-0 km/h from top to bottom and vice versa. Those accelerations put stresses on the parts that are compressed and extended on each stroke. The higher the piston speed, the higher the acceleration, the higher the stresses that can fatigue the material.
 
  • Like
Likes   Reactions: Lnewqban
jack action said:
No, it's low piston speed. Piston speed depends on RPM, but also on stroke. More on Wikipedia and HPWizard

With higher piston [sliding] speed comes higher wear rate. (Archard wear equation)

Also, a piston can easily do 0-100-0 km/h from top to bottom and vice versa. Those accelerations put stresses on the parts that are compressed and extended on each stroke. The higher the piston speed, the higher the acceleration, the higher the stresses that can fatigue the material.
Yes piston speed is function of RPM and stroke.
But at same RPM ,piston speed is faster at long stroke then short stroke.
 
John Mcrain said:
What are pros/cons for diesel and petrol in term of durability?
Petrol engines wear with a step and taper at the top of the cylinder where ring pressures are greatest immediately after the spark. That taper flexes the rings, which wear the grooves and ring surfaces. Sudden high RPM can break the upper ring.

The slower injection and smooth combustion of a diesel reduces wear at the top of the cylinder so there is less flexing and breakage of rings, which gives longer engine life.
 
Baluncore said:
Petrol engines wear with a step and taper at the top of the cylinder where ring pressures are greatest immediately after the spark. That taper flexes the rings, which wear the grooves and ring surfaces. Sudden high RPM can break the upper ring.

The slower injection and smooth combustion of a diesel reduces wear at the top of the cylinder so there is less flexing and breakage of rings, which gives longer engine life.
Diesel vs turbo diesel,durability?What do you think.
 
John Mcrain said:
Diesel vs turbo diesel,durability?What do you think.
There are no hard and fast rules.
Obviously a turbo diesel is more complex and can have higher RPM.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
2K
  • · Replies 58 ·
2
Replies
58
Views
7K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
1K
  • · Replies 120 ·
5
Replies
120
Views
25K
  • · Replies 12 ·
Replies
12
Views
15K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
4K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
3K
  • · Replies 31 ·
2
Replies
31
Views
20K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
16K