Measurement of an entangled Particles in two Different Bases

In summary, the conversation discusses entangled spin half particles and the probabilities of measuring different outcomes in different directions after one particle has been measured. The Bell Equation in the Z-axis is given along with a new equation in a rotated direction. The Q asks about the probability of measuring the particles in the Z direction after one has been measured in the theta direction. The speaker mentions that the entanglement collapses after the first measurement and suggests using the wave function to calculate probabilities. They also mention the option of ignoring Alice's measurement and focusing solely on Bob's measurement. For correlation, they suggest looking at the wave function from the perspective of one of the particles and calculating the chance of the other particle measuring a specific outcome.
  • #1
randomuser3210
10
0
Consider two entangled spin half particles given by the generic form of Bell Equation in Z-axis:
##\psi = (a\uparrow \uparrow + b\downarrow \downarrow)## where ##a^2+b^2=1##

In a (2D) planer rotated (by an angle ##\theta##) direction the new equation can be given by:

##|\psi \rangle = [\alpha \cos^2(\theta/2) + \beta \sin^2(\theta/2)] |\uparrow\uparrow \rangle + ##
##[(\alpha \sin^2 \theta/2 + \beta \cos^2 \theta/2)] |\downarrow\downarrow \rangle ##
##[(\beta-\alpha) \cos(\theta/2) \sin(\theta/2)] (|\uparrow\uparrow \rangle +|\uparrow\downarrow \rangle +##

Now Alice keeps one particle and sends the other to Bob. Here is the Q:

1. Suppose, Alice measures the particle in ##\theta## direction. Then after that, Bob measures in the Z direction. What is the probability of Bob getting the particle ##\uparrow## and ##\downarrow## in Z directions each.

I know that as soon as Alice measures the particle in ##\theta## direction, the entanglement collapses. So we can measure the probability by using the wave function. But, can someone help with the cases for 'cross measurement'?
 
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  • #2
If you are just interested in Bob's measurement on its own you can ignore what Alice does.
If you need the correlation look at the wave function from the perspective of one of them and calculate the chance that the other one measures one of the outcomes.
 

1. What is the purpose of measuring entangled particles in two different bases?

The purpose of measuring entangled particles in two different bases is to gain a better understanding of their quantum properties and behavior. By measuring the particles in different bases, we can observe how they are correlated and how they change when one of the particles is measured. This can provide valuable insights into the nature of entanglement and its potential applications in quantum technologies.

2. How is the measurement of entangled particles in two different bases performed?

The measurement of entangled particles in two different bases involves using quantum measurement devices that are capable of measuring the particles in different quantum states. These devices use various techniques such as photon detectors, interferometers, and polarizers to measure the particles in different bases. The results of these measurements are then compared to study the correlations between the particles.

3. What are the two bases commonly used for measuring entangled particles?

The two bases commonly used for measuring entangled particles are the computational basis and the Hadamard basis. The computational basis consists of the two states |0⟩ and |1⟩, while the Hadamard basis consists of the two states |+⟩ and |−⟩. These bases are often used because they are easy to manipulate and have well-defined measurement outcomes.

4. How does the measurement of entangled particles in two different bases relate to quantum entanglement?

The measurement of entangled particles in two different bases is closely related to quantum entanglement. Entanglement is a phenomenon where two or more particles become correlated in such a way that the state of one particle cannot be described without considering the state of the other particle. By measuring entangled particles in different bases, we can observe how their states are correlated and how they change when one particle is measured, providing further evidence of their entanglement.

5. What are some potential applications of measuring entangled particles in two different bases?

The measurement of entangled particles in two different bases has many potential applications in quantum technologies. For example, it can be used for quantum communication, where entangled particles can be used to transmit information securely. It can also be used for quantum computing, where entangled particles can be used to perform certain calculations more efficiently. Additionally, it can be used for quantum cryptography, where entangled particles can be used to generate unbreakable codes for secure communication.

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