Measuring Metal Ions in Industry Process Streams

[luca131]

In Industry, what kind of plants would need to measure metal ions in their process streams. Ions that interest me are copper, nickle, iron etc. I've been trying to find some information, but only found some limited information on nickle but it did not include the information that I want, what the plant processes. If you could send me anything that could really help me.

 

[Topher925]

Just about any type of electrochemical process. Also, any process where metal ions are considered a poison or impurity (eg. water treatment plant).

 

[luca131]

In these processes, how would one measure the concentration of these ions, also which method would be common in most plants, offline concentration or online measurements?