Metastable vacuum and tunneling

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the concepts of metastable vacuum and tunneling, specifically referencing instantons and theta vacua as outlined in Srednicki's work. The energy splitting between two classically degenerate minima can be computed using two methods: degenerate perturbation theory and the saddle point expansion of the Euclidean path integral. The latter involves summing over all saddle points, including classical trajectories in inverted potentials. The participants seek a simpler intuition for these computations, particularly in relation to the energy of the true vacuum.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum field theory concepts, particularly instantons and theta vacua.
  • Familiarity with degenerate perturbation theory in quantum mechanics.
  • Knowledge of Euclidean path integrals and their applications in quantum field theory.
  • Basic grasp of classical trajectories and potential energy landscapes.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of energy splitting in degenerate perturbation theory.
  • Explore the saddle point method in Euclidean path integrals.
  • Review chapter 9 of Srednicki's "Quantum Field Theory" for deeper insights on vacuum states.
  • Investigate the implications of instantons in quantum tunneling phenomena.
USEFUL FOR

Physicists, particularly those specializing in quantum field theory, researchers exploring vacuum states and tunneling effects, and graduate students seeking to deepen their understanding of advanced quantum mechanics concepts.

paralleltransport
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TL;DR
I'd like to ask a few questions about QFT readings.
Hi all,

I'm currently reading about instantons and theta vacua (section 93, p 572 of http://web.physics.ucsb.edu/~mark/ms-qft-DRAFT.pdf)

Srednicki remarks in passing the following:
1642960650938.png


What is a good way to "see" 93.5 is true? Is there a slightly simpler way than below which is my current understanding (given srednicki just says this i assume there must be a simple intuition behind it)

For a a set of 2 classically degenerate minimum, the energy splitting between them can be computed 2 ways:
1. One way is to compute n′|H|m⟩. Degenerate perturbation theory says that the energy split will be proportional to this value.
2. The other method is to compute the saddle point expansion of the euclidean path integral. In this expansion one has to sum over all saddles. one of the saddle is a classical trajectory from vacuum n -> n' in an inverted potential. The energy of the true vacuum can be computed by taking the large time limit and the ln(Z) which will have an e^{S} term}2.
 
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Isn't this covered in chapter 9?
 

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