Methods to Prove Existence of Tritium in Fusor Exhaust

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around methods to prove the existence of tritium in the exhaust of a Farnsworth fusor, focusing on experimental approaches and techniques. Participants explore various detection methods, including spectroscopy, particle detection, and gas analysis.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests three methods for detecting tritium: ionizing the gas and analyzing the spectra, using an alpha particle detector in a vacuum chamber, and liquefying the gas for separation.
  • Another participant questions the differences in spectral lines between tritium and hydrogen, and raises concerns about the feasibility of detecting trace amounts of tritium in deuterium using spectroscopy due to overlapping spectral lines.
  • A participant proposes using a cloud chamber to detect positrons from tritium decay, but also mentions that a Geiger counter might be a simpler and cheaper alternative.
  • There is a correction regarding the positron detection claim, stating that tritium does not produce positrons and that the electron endpoint energy may not penetrate Geiger counter windows effectively.
  • Another suggestion is to use a mass spectrometer to detect 3He as a potential indicator of tritium presence.
  • A residual gas analyzer is mentioned as a possible tool to distinguish between hydrogen and tritium at low pressures.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing opinions on the effectiveness of various detection methods, with no consensus on the best approach. Some methods are challenged or corrected, indicating ongoing debate about their feasibility.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight limitations such as the difficulty of detecting trace amounts of tritium in the presence of deuterium, the challenges of fractional distillation for gas separation, and potential regulatory concerns regarding tritium enrichment.

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I'm looking into a science fair project involving proving the existence of tritium in the exhaust of a Farnsworth fusor, and was wondering what the ideal method to prove it is. I've thought of three so far. The first is ionizing the gas and analyzing the spectra. The second is placing an alpha particle detector in a vacuum chamber filled with the gas. And the third is liquefying the gas and evaporating them off to collect and separating them. Ideas/opinions?
 
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How different is the spectrum of tritium from hydrogen?
Is tritium an alpha source?
How much tritium will you produce? What is its boiling point? What is its volume in liquid form?
 
What kind of resources are at your disposal? These sound rather ambitious.
Trying to detect trace amounts of tritium in deuterium will be extremely difficult with spectroscopy, since the lines are so close together and the deuterium lines will totally dominate over the tritium. I would not go this route.
A cloud chamber might be able to pick up positrons from tritium decay. But it would be so much simpler and cheaper to use a Geiger counter. Though a cloud chamber has the advantage of letting you identify positrons by their motion in a magnetic field.
If you liquify the gas, you'll get a bunch of D2, and a tiny amount of DT and even tinier amount of T2 all dissolved together. It will take way too many fractional distillation stages to concentrate the T, and you still need some way of testing that what you have left is indeed tritium. Also, liquid hydrogen is damn cold. Also, the government might get a little wary about people enriching tritium without special licenses.

Maybe this will give you some clues... https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tritium_illumination
 
Khashishi said:
A cloud chamber might be able to pick up positrons from tritium decay. But it would be so much simpler and cheaper to use a Geiger counter.

A. Tritium does not produce positrons
B. The electron endpoint is 18 keV; this will not penetrate most Geiger windows.
 
Perhaps the 3He can be detected with a mass spectrometer.
 
A residual gas analyzer may be able to distinguish between hydrogen and tritium, as long as you are at low enough pressures to run it.
 

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