Michelson Interferometer - Fringe Shape

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the Michelson Interferometer and the formation of fringe patterns, specifically addressing the conditions under which circular or straight fringes appear. The path difference is calculated as Δ = 2μd cos θ ± λ/2, where μ represents the refractive index and θ is the incidence angle. The alignment of mirrors M1 and M'2 significantly influences fringe shape, with perfectly parallel mirrors yielding circular fringes when optics are clean. Misalignment or imperfections can result in straight lines that are actually the edges of circular patterns.

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cupid.callin
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Hi all

attachment.php?attachmentid=42306&stc=1&d=1325256305.png

Edit: The reflecting side is the right side of left slab


Please look at the pic above ... The light from source splits at left slab and goes in 2 directions and come back to interfere.

From figure, it is obvious that path diff. in slabs for both rays is 0
and only path diff. would be because of the difference in distance of 2 mirrors from left slab, which is d

so, i found the path diff, as \Delta = 2\mu d cos \theta \pm \frac{\lambda}{2}

\frac{\lambda}{2} as green ray is reflected by denser medium ...

But i need to know how the circular or straight fringes are formed and how it depends on alignment of M1 and M'2

Some help please ... :)

EDIT: μ would be the refractive index of stuff filled in whole system ... like air for example
and θ is incidence angle angle at slabs ... :}
 

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Some help please ?
 
Oh come on, someone please help me !
 
Perfectly parallel mirrors results in circles if the optics are clean. Else you get what appears to be straight lines but i believe they are just the edges of a circle.
 

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