Missing transverse momentum azimuthial angle

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the calculation of the missing transverse momentum azimuthal angle (φ) in particle physics, specifically addressing the formula used and its implications for the range of φ. Participants explore the nuances of using arctan versus atan2 and the conventions in scientific literature.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions how the formula φ^{miss} = arctan(E_y/E_x) can cover the full range of φ ∈ [-π, π] without considering cases where E_x < 0.
  • Another participant suggests that using ATan2(x,y) accounts for the signs of the components, which resolves the issue raised.
  • Concerns are raised about the lack of mention of atan2 in a specific paper, with some participants suggesting that such omissions may stem from common conventions in the field.
  • It is noted that many particle physicists are familiar with these conventions, and repetitive explanations may be seen as unnecessary in technical notes.
  • One participant expresses frustration over the potential confusion caused by the use of arctan instead of atan2, suggesting that the latter is clearer.
  • Another participant argues that atan2 is not a standard mathematical function, and its use may not be optimal in presentation.
  • A participant recalls a previous paper that used arctan(Ey,Ex), which they found clearer, and mentions the convenience of retrieving φ directly from their truth derivation.
  • Discussion includes a humorous exchange about seasonal stress affecting cognitive function.
  • A participant shares a personal anecdote about confusion stemming from differing definitions of atan2 in programming languages, illustrating the complexity of the topic.
  • One participant proposes an alternative definition for φ that incorporates the sign of E_y and uses arccos, suggesting it could be a clearer representation.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the clarity and appropriateness of using arctan versus atan2, with no consensus reached on the best approach. The discussion reflects a mix of agreement on the familiarity of the conventions and disagreement on the presentation of the formulas.

Contextual Notes

Participants highlight the potential for confusion due to varying definitions of mathematical functions in different programming languages, as well as the assumptions made in scientific literature regarding the audience's familiarity with certain conventions.

ChrisVer
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A pretty straightforward question because right now I can't think how it works:
The missing transverse momentum azimuthial angle (φ) is calculated by measuring the x- and y- components of the missing transverse momentum [itex]E_x,E_y[/itex] and taking:
[itex]\phi^{miss} = arctan(E_y/E_x)[/itex]
https://cds.cern.ch/record/2037904/files/ATL-PHYS-PUB-2015-027.pdf (equation 3)

So if that's the final formula, then the [itex]\phi^{miss} \in [- \pi/2, \pi/2][/itex]...
how is it possible to span the whole range, [itex]\phi^{miss} \in [-\pi, \pi][/itex] ?
wouldn't there have to be a case when [itex]E_x<0[/itex] to take an alternative formula?
 
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You have to take the signs into account. ATan2(x,y) in TMath (and similar functions in other libraries) take care of that.
 
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So how come this respectable collaboration doesn't mention such a simple thing ?
 
BvU said:
So how come this respectable collaboration doesn't mention such a simple thing ?
Sometimes jargon or "common sense" passes through papers or notes I guess... I guess everyone is used in this convention for such formulae for the azimuthial angle, while in real a different (yet similar one) is used.
 
It is something every particle physicist has to learn exactly once. Nearly all readers will know it, and reading the same description of both cases in every paper gets annoying quickly, so it might get skipped sometimes, especially in more technical notes.
 
How much trouble is it to write (or read) ##\ \operatorname{atan2}(E_y, E_x) \ ## instead of ##\ \arctan {E_y/ E_x} \ ## ?

It wrong-footed Chris !
 
atan2 is not a standard mathematical function.
C++ (and various other languages) and ROOT know what it is, however.

I don't say the note made the optimal presentation, but writing atan2 would be even worse I think.
 
mfb said:
atan2 is not a mathematical function
Granted. The way it's written now is simply wrong -- what's the bigger crime ?
 
In a previous paper (from run1) they had written arctan(Ey,Ex) ... that made it more clear... but even better was the fact that I could retrieve the missing ET phi straight from my truth derivation by asking for it instead of calculating it (math.h atan was more misleading there)...
Then there is also this seasonal thing that under heavy stress I cannot think properly :sorry:
 
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ChrisVer said:
Then there is also this seasonal thing
Lucky you ! I have it all year round !
 
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BvU said:
How much trouble is it to write (or read) ##\ \operatorname{atan2}(E_y, E_x) \ ## instead of ##\ \arctan {E_y/ E_x} \ ## ?

It wrong-footed Chris !
Well, you are obviously a Fortran guy, as I am myself (I'm getting old...). Anyway, the troupbe with atan2 is that it is not uniquely defined. In some programming languages it's ##\mathrm{atan2}(E_x,E_y)##.

I'll never forget this function, because I once used the infopage of gfortran (I don't remember the version number), and there they gave the wrong definition, i.e., the latter way, while in gfortran it is, of course defined in the fortran way with the order ##\mathrm{atan2}(E_y,E_x)##. It took me quite a while to debug this :-(.

A nice definition is
$$\phi=\mathrm{sign}E_y \arccos \left(\frac{E_x}{\sqrt{E_x^2+E_y^2}} \right ) \in (-\pi,\pi].$$
 
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