NGC 4590, more than 1,400 stars found in various evolutionary stages

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SUMMARY

Astronomers utilizing India's AstroSat spacecraft have identified over 1,400 ultraviolet (UV) bright sources in the globular cluster NGC 4590, also known as Messier 68. This cluster, located approximately 33,900 light years away and estimated to be 11.2 billion years old, serves as a natural laboratory for studying stellar evolution. Key findings indicate that stars with effective temperatures exceeding 7,000 K, such as blue horizontal branch stars (BHBs) and post-asymptotic giant branch stars (pAGBs), significantly contribute to the UV emissions observed. The discussion also contrasts the observational capabilities of the Hubble Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), emphasizing Hubble's focus on UV and visible light versus JWST's infrared capabilities.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of globular clusters (GCs) and their significance in astrophysics
  • Familiarity with ultraviolet (UV) and infrared light wavelengths
  • Knowledge of stellar evolutionary stages, particularly BHBs and pAGBs
  • Awareness of the differences between Hubble Space Telescope and James Webb Space Telescope capabilities
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  • Research the role of globular clusters in the formation of early-type galaxies
  • Explore the characteristics and significance of blue horizontal branch stars (BHBs)
  • Learn about the observational techniques used by the AstroSat spacecraft
  • Investigate the implications of JWST's infrared capabilities for future astronomical research
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Astronomers, astrophysics students, and researchers interested in stellar evolution and the observational capabilities of space telescopes.

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Ultraviolet bright sources inspected in NGC 4590​

https://phys.org/news/2022-02-ultraviolet-bright-sources-ngc-stars.html

Using India's AstroSat spacecraft , astronomers have inspected ultraviolet (UV) bright sources in a globular cluster known as NGC 4590, which had previously been viewed with Hubble.
Globular clusters (GCs) are collections of tightly bound stars orbiting galaxies. Astronomers perceive them as natural laboratories enabling studies on the evolution of stars and galaxies. In particular, globular clusters could help researchers to better understand the formation history and evolution of early-type galaxies as the origin of GCs seems to be closely linked to periods of intense star formation.

GCs are great places to resolve and observe the properties of individual stars of various evolutionary stages. Studies show that sources with effective temperature higher than 7,000 K mostly contribute to the ultraviolet (UV) emission of GCs. Such UV bright sources in GCs may be identified, for instance, as blue horizontal branch stars (BHBs), extremely blue horizontal branch stars (EHBs), or post-asymptotic giant branch stars (pAGBs).

At a distance of about 33,900 light years, NGC 4590 (also known as Messier 68) is a very metal-poor galactic GC in the Milky Way's northern hemisphere. The cluster is estimated to be 11.2 billion years old and its line of sight is at a level of 0.05. Previous observations of NGC 4590 have found that it hosts a significant number of BHBs and red horizontal branch stars (RHBs).

https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.03981

Will this area be a target for JWST? Or, probably not based on the following:
https://www.rmg.co.uk/stories/topics/james-webb-space-telescope-vs-hubble-space-telescope
Hubble’s main focus is on visible and ultraviolet light. Its instruments can observe a small portion of the infrared spectrum from 0.8 to 2.5 microns, but not to the extent that James Webb can. Instead it focuses its unique ultraviolet (0.1 to 0.4 micron) capabilities on work that cannot be done from the ground and its visible (0.4 to 0.8 micron) light instruments on producing the high resolution images we are most familiar with

JWST has been designed to focus on the infrared part of the spectrum from 0.6 (red light) to 28 microns (infrared). This means it won’t be able to see in ultraviolet light like Hubble, but will be able to focus on infrared bright objects like extremely distant galaxies
 
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