NH4F Salt Solution: Acidic or Neutral?

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SUMMARY

A solution of NH4F is slightly acidic due to the presence of the ammonium ion (NH4+) from the weak acid HF and the fluoride ion (F-) from the weak base NH3. The pKa of HF is approximately 3.2, while the pKb of NH3 is around 9.2, leading to a calculated pH of about 6.25 for the solution. This indicates that while the solution is less than neutral (pH 7), it is only marginally acidic. Understanding the pH relationship between weak acids and bases is crucial for accurate characterization.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of weak acids and bases, specifically HF and NH3
  • Knowledge of pKa and pKb concepts
  • Familiarity with pH calculations and their significance
  • Ability to interpret acid-base equilibrium principles
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the pH calculation method for equimolar solutions of weak acids and bases
  • Study the properties and behavior of HF as a weak acid
  • Explore the concept of acid-base strength and its implications in solution chemistry
  • Investigate the relationship between pKa, pKb, and their effect on solution pH
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and professionals interested in acid-base chemistry and solution properties will benefit from this discussion.

temaire
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Homework Statement



A solution of NH_4F would be:
a) acidic
b) neutral
c) basic

The Attempt at a Solution



I think the solution would be acidic because it is a salt made of a weak acid and a weak base. Since the Ka for HF is greater than the Kb for NH3, the Ka for NH4+ is greater than the Kb for F-. Thus, the solution is acidic. Am I right?
 
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I think your reasoning is sort of OK, however I would like to add for you to make this secure:

I don't know if you are up with pH's and pK's yet, but the pH of solution equimolar amounts of weak acid and weak base is half way between the pKa's of both.

These are about 3.2 and 9.2 so your solution will have pH about 6.25

You are right to say it is acidic if by that you mean anything less than exactly 7. But realize only very slightly acidic. In fact in my book I call that neutral, so I don't know what answer they want, that is the trouble with box-ticking answers, but it is more important you understand than get the 'right answer' IMHO.

Important is can you justify, derive, or look up that rule I gave? (Not quite trivial, but useful result).

Secondly and secondarily you might look into WHY HF is a weak acid. Not quite what you might expect considering HCl, HBr, HI.
 
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