On the Importance of Positive Controls

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the use of engineered yeast for the biosynthesis of medicinal compounds, particularly focusing on the challenges of home-brew fermentation compared to industrial processes. Participants explore the implications of using positive controls in fermentation experiments and the potential for producing opiates like thebaine.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants highlight the humorous aspect of using science to justify home brewing, suggesting a light-hearted take on the serious topic of medicinal compound production.
  • One participant notes the absence of thebaine production and minimal reticuline yields in home-brew fermentations, raising questions about the feasibility of producing opiates in this manner.
  • Another participant echoes the concern about the lack of opiate production, indicating that current methods do not support the idea of widespread access to such substances.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the current limitations of home-brew fermentation for producing opiates, but there is a humorous undertone in the discussion that suggests a mix of serious and light-hearted perspectives.

Contextual Notes

The discussion reflects uncertainty regarding the technical challenges of home-brew fermentation and the specific conditions that may affect biosynthesis yields. There are unresolved questions about the scalability and optimization of these processes.

Who May Find This Useful

This discussion may be of interest to those involved in biotechnology, fermentation science, and the ethical implications of medicinal compound production.

Ygggdrasil
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Found this abstract while browsing through some papers, and thought it was quite humorous:
Yeast-based biosynthesis of medicinal compounds traditionally derived from plant materials is improving. Both concerns and hopes exist for the possibility that individual small volume batch fermentations could provide distributed and independent access to a diversity of compounds some of which are now abused, illegal, or unavailable to many who need for genuine medical purposes. However, there are differences between industrial bioreactors and ‘home-brew’ fermentation. We used engineered yeast that make thebaine, a morphinan opiate, to quantify if differences in fermentation conditions impact biosynthesis yields. We used yeast that make an English ale as a positive fermentation control. We observed no production of thebaine and miniscule amounts of reticuline, an upstream biosynthetic intermediate, in home-brew fermentations; the positive control was palatable. We suggest that additional technical challenges, some of which are unknown and likely unrelated to optimized production in large-volume bioreactors, would need to be addressed for engineered yeast to ever realize home-brew biosynthesis of medicinal opiates at meaningful yields.

Endy, Galanie & Smolke. 2015 Complete absence of thebaine biosynthesis under home-brew fermentation conditions. bioRxiv doi:10.1101/024299

Full text freely available at http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2015/08/13/024299
 
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Alternative introduction: "We found a reason to make beer at home using science grants".
 
We observed no production of thebaine and miniscule amounts of reticuline, an upstream biosynthetic intermediate, in home-brew fermentations;
So - no 'opiate for the masses' ?
 
jim hardy said:
So - no 'opiate for the masses' ?
Not at the moment, at least.