Orbit of Earth: Plotting Trajectory

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around a homework exercise involving the plotting of Earth's orbital trajectory using numerical methods. Participants explore issues related to the accuracy of equations and the plotting process, as well as suggestions for enhancing the visual representation of the orbit.

Discussion Character

  • Homework-related
  • Mathematical reasoning
  • Technical explanation

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses difficulty in plotting the entire trajectory, questioning whether the issue lies in the equations or the plotting method.
  • Another participant corrects the initial velocity value from vx=3.0287*20**4 to vx=3.0287*10**4, suggesting this adjustment resolves the plotting issue.
  • There is a suggestion to modify the plot to better represent the non-circular shape of the orbit and to include a circular orbit for comparison.
  • Participants express satisfaction with the plot's functionality after the corrections, indicating that it now works as intended.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the corrections made to the initial parameters, and there is a consensus that the plot works after these adjustments. However, there are differing views on how to enhance the plot further, particularly regarding the representation of the orbit's shape.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions about the numerical methods and the physical model may not be fully articulated, and the discussion does not resolve the best way to visualize the orbit.

Who May Find This Useful

Students and enthusiasts interested in numerical methods for simulating orbital mechanics and those looking for guidance on plotting techniques in Python.

Graham87
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Homework Statement
Write a program to calculate the orbit of the Earth using leapfrog and plot it
Relevant Equations
-GM r/r^3
1.jpg


I am attempting this homework exercise but my plot does not show the whole trajectory. I don't know if it is something wrong with my equations or if it is a plotting matter.
earth trajectory.png

Cheers!This is my code:
Python:
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import scipy.integrate as spi

G = 6.6738*10**-11
M = 1.9891*10**30
h = 3600
y = 1.4710*10**11
vx = 3.0287*20**4

def LeapFrog(f, t_start, t_stop, z0, h):

    t_vec = np.arange(t_start, t_stop, h)
    n = len(t_vec)
    d = len(z0) 
    z_vec = np.zeros((n, d))
    z_vec[0,:] = z0
    z_half_step=z_vec[0 , :] + (1/2)*h*f(z0,t_vec[0])    for i in range(0, n - 1):
        z_vec[i+1,:]=z_vec[i,:] + h*f(z_half_step, t_vec[i])
        z_half_step += h*f(z_vec[i+1,:], t_vec[i])   

    return t_vec, z_vec,def f(z,t):   

    x=z[0]
    y=z[1]
    vx=z[2]
    vy=z[3]
    r=np.sqrt(x**2+y**2)

    dz=np.zeros(4)

    dz[0]=vx
    dz[1]=vy
    dz[2]=-G*M*x/r**3
    dz[3]=-G*M*y/r**3

    return dz

t_start = 0
t_stop = 24*365*5
z0 = np.array([0,y,vx,0])
t_vec, z_vec = LeapFrog(f, t_start, t_stop, z0, h)

plt.plot(z_vec[:,0],z_vec[:,1], 'g', markersize=1, label='Earth trajectory')
plt.plot(0,0,'yo', label = 'Sun positon') 
plt.show()
 
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vx = 3.0287*20**4
 
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drmalawi said:
vx = 3.0287*20**4
Ah!

Should be vx=3.0287*10**4 and
t_stop = 24 * 365 * 0.99 * h

Now it's correct.

Thanks!
 
Graham87 said:
Now it's correct.

Plot works now?
 
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drmalawi said:
Plot works now?
Works neatly !
5C7C0380-6069-49B0-B446-E61E2538233B.jpeg
 
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Likes   Reactions: PeroK and malawi_glenn
Great job!

Could you fix the plot so that the non-cicrular shape is manifest?
Perhaps also you can plot a circular orbit centered around the sun with the Earth's average orbital distance as well
 
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drmalawi said:
Great job!

Could you fix the plot so that the non-cicrular shape is manifest?
Perhaps also you can plot a circular orbit centered around the sun with the Earth's average orbital distance as well
Great idea.
This is much clearer.
C17ADAC9-4085-4512-8CD8-E97F9772736E.jpeg
 
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