# Pathria page 2 -- total energy for mutually interacting particles

1. Feb 13, 2016

### spaghetti3451

In page 2 of Pathria's textbook on 'Statistical Mechanics,' it is mentioned that

Consider the total energy $E$ of the system. If the particles comprising the system could be regarded as noninteracting, the total energy $E$ would be equal to the sum of the energies $\epsilon_i$ of the individual particles:

$E = \sum_{i} n_{i}\epsilon_{i},$

where $n_i$ denotes the number of particles each with energy $\epsilon_i$.

If the particles were mutually interacting, the total energy $E$
cannot be written in the form above.

Why can't the total energy be written in the form above for mutually interacting particles?

2. Feb 13, 2016

### Buzz Bloom

Hi failexam:

The interaction of the particles implies that there is additional internal energy in these interactions that is not part of the energy of the individual particles. Here is an example. Suppose the particles are small dust particles, each with a very small electric charge, say all negative. Suppose the charge on each particle is so small that the electrostatic repulsive force between particle is about half the gravitational attractive force. The total energy is the sum of the energy of all the particles, plus additional energy in the electrostatic field.

The details in this scenario may not be quite right, but perhaps it will help you find some helpful and more accurate information on the internet.

Regards,
Buzz

3. Feb 13, 2016

### Jilang

If you try it, you will find you are double counting!