Photoelectric efficiency and subatomic (ie electron or hole) momentum

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between photon interactions and electron momentum in various atomic orbitals, emphasizing the significance of angular momentum conservation. Participants highlight that the efficiency of electron excitation by photons is influenced by the overlap of orbitals in k-space, which relates to their geometric shapes, such as spherical and dumbbell configurations. The conversation also touches on the role of nuclear potentials and electron-electron interactions in determining orbital characteristics and their impact on photon absorption. Understanding these concepts is essential for interpreting electron or hole momentum in materials.

PREREQUISITES
  • Quantum mechanics fundamentals
  • Understanding of angular momentum conservation
  • Knowledge of atomic orbital shapes and their properties
  • Familiarity with k-space and momentum space concepts
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of quantum mechanics, focusing on angular momentum
  • Research the relationship between atomic orbital shapes and photon interactions
  • Explore k-space and its relevance in solid-state physics
  • Investigate the effects of nuclear potentials on electron behavior in materials
USEFUL FOR

Students and researchers in physics, particularly those focusing on quantum mechanics, solid-state physics, and photonics, will benefit from this discussion.

jkb_ll
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Homework Statement



The efficiency of electron excitement by photons is described as being related to how much different orbitals share the same k-space or momentum space. Is this similar to orbital shape (eg spheres, dumbells, ec)?

Homework Equations





The Attempt at a Solution



I have seen the equation for electron or hole momentum in different materials, but is difficult to interpret. Any answers would be v. much appreciated.

Many thanks.
JB.
 
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So interactions between photons and electrons are just transfers of energy which conserve angular momentum. Have you studied any quantum mechanics?

Conservation of angular momentum follows from the isotropic nature of space. Since the rotation of the particle does not change the angular momentum of the particle, angular momentum must be conserved.

Orbital shape has to do with potentials (usually nuclear potentials, such as the spherical harmonics, coupled with electron-electron interaction correction terms). Conservation of angular momentum is important here as well.

One qualitative way to think about this might be to consider how a photon tracing a particular trajectory might interact with a series of electrons in different atomic orbitals. Would some orbitals offer a higher probability of interacting with the photon due to their shape or energy? Why or why not?
 

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